{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7141402298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2026.115097","title":"A reinforcement learning-based approach for offline and online multi-line bus scheduling problem","display_name":"A reinforcement learning-based approach for offline and online multi-line bus scheduling problem","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7141402298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2026.115097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2026.115097","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2026.115097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140556538","display_name":"Applied Soft Computing","issn_l":"1568-4946","issn":["1568-4946","1872-9681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130752176","display_name":"Yingzhuo Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingzhuo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Weijun Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8747-7701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weijun Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8747-7701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104250012","display_name":"Shuodi Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuodi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3369-8267","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130801101","display_name":"Liuyu Xiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liuyu Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130763940","display_name":"Xiaotian Zhuang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103986","display_name":"Jingdong (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01dkjkq64","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103986"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotian Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["JD Logistics, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4862-144X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JD Logistics, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130732328","display_name":"Guobin Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726870","display_name":"Didi Chuxing (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02ksqcf75","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726870"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guobin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Didi Chuxing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9510-2279","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Didi Chuxing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130731005","display_name":"Zhaofeng He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhaofeng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3433-8435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, Haidian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130731005"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.423483,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"196","issue":null,"first_page":"115097","last_page":"115097"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.19449999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.19449999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.18060000240802765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10551","display_name":"Scheduling and Optimization Algorithms","score":0.15389999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-shop-scheduling","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-algorithm","display_name":"Online algorithm","score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-and-offline","display_name":"Online and offline","score":0.28999999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4004000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3882000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196921405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786431","display_name":"Online algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780102126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10928179","display_name":"Online and offline","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2026.115097","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2026.115097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140556538","display_name":"Applied Soft Computing","issn_l":"1568-4946","issn":["1568-4946","1872-9681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G181284883","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62406028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1987962485","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62576046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2176803174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"24JZD040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335958","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education Key Projects of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4800139155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G858523971","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023RC72","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328119","display_name":"National University's Basic Research Foundation of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335958","display_name":"Ministry of Education Key Projects of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978902070","https://openalex.org/W1983847489","https://openalex.org/W1984974506","https://openalex.org/W1985234625","https://openalex.org/W1988416901","https://openalex.org/W1989427338","https://openalex.org/W2040454839","https://openalex.org/W2041897464","https://openalex.org/W2079027901","https://openalex.org/W2090672779","https://openalex.org/W2095003951","https://openalex.org/W2105592464","https://openalex.org/W2137019587","https://openalex.org/W2162874083","https://openalex.org/W2170216278","https://openalex.org/W2189722856","https://openalex.org/W2239024100","https://openalex.org/W2302000398","https://openalex.org/W2469644863","https://openalex.org/W2618686860","https://openalex.org/W2781961013","https://openalex.org/W2791200919","https://openalex.org/W2894397002","https://openalex.org/W2901504829","https://openalex.org/W2951374645","https://openalex.org/W2976264609","https://openalex.org/W2982668973","https://openalex.org/W3006779875","https://openalex.org/W3006948548","https://openalex.org/W3032698666","https://openalex.org/W3089410601","https://openalex.org/W3116243680","https://openalex.org/W3133999295","https://openalex.org/W3174958824","https://openalex.org/W3181438743","https://openalex.org/W3192396614","https://openalex.org/W4241811150","https://openalex.org/W4366608938"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2026-03-28T00:00:00"}