{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165515785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2026.103478","title":"Causally-informed deep learning towards explainable and generalizable outcome prediction in critical care","display_name":"Causally-informed deep learning towards explainable and generalizable outcome prediction in critical care","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165515785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2026.103478","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42335637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2026.103478","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2026.103478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42468263","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","issn_l":"0933-3657","issn":["0933-3657","1873-2860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100294901","display_name":"Yuxiao Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-1454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxiao Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-1454","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139122529","display_name":"Xinxin Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinxin Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139125662","display_name":"Ziqian Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139081140","display_name":"Qin Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027802880","display_name":"Kunlun He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-5700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802939634","display_name":"Chinese PLA General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw3ra78","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunlun He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address: kunlunhe@plagh.org"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-5700","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address: kunlunhe@plagh.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802939634"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139068801","display_name":"Jinli Suo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinli Suo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: jlsuo@tsinghua.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: jlsuo@tsinghua.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3480},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64113824,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"180","issue":null,"first_page":"103478","last_page":"103478"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.226500004529953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.226500004529953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.22089999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.17110000550746918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.7106000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","score":0.49410000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.26570001244544983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.7106000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6262999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5806000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.49410000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4296000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989236134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Patient care","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000075902","descriptor_name":"Clinical Deterioration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098412","descriptor_name":"Predictive Learning Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098437","descriptor_name":"Prediction Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003422","descriptor_name":"Critical Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020000","descriptor_name":"Decision Support Systems, Clinical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2026.103478","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2026.103478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42468263","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","issn_l":"0933-3657","issn":["0933-3657","1873-2860"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42335637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42335637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial intelligence in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1898928487","https://openalex.org/W1925915230","https://openalex.org/W1994067722","https://openalex.org/W2044787274","https://openalex.org/W2073291488","https://openalex.org/W2114273947","https://openalex.org/W2123993001","https://openalex.org/W2150780222","https://openalex.org/W2167548800","https://openalex.org/W2169167455","https://openalex.org/W2178225550","https://openalex.org/W2206411056","https://openalex.org/W2595589199","https://openalex.org/W2758688195","https://openalex.org/W2891400669","https://openalex.org/W2911583982","https://openalex.org/W2967692750","https://openalex.org/W2995750307","https://openalex.org/W2998881619","https://openalex.org/W3009583110","https://openalex.org/W3011403448","https://openalex.org/W3011812967","https://openalex.org/W3025394897","https://openalex.org/W3040868855","https://openalex.org/W3041564249","https://openalex.org/W3046761449","https://openalex.org/W3115809916","https://openalex.org/W3189411510","https://openalex.org/W3214860080","https://openalex.org/W4214698730","https://openalex.org/W4221136705","https://openalex.org/W4286203463","https://openalex.org/W4293276053","https://openalex.org/W4293509722","https://openalex.org/W4313439128","https://openalex.org/W4382281637","https://openalex.org/W4387303043","https://openalex.org/W4388208509","https://openalex.org/W4400283511","https://openalex.org/W4401856187","https://openalex.org/W4402456408","https://openalex.org/W4406614286","https://openalex.org/W4408243890","https://openalex.org/W4409142576","https://openalex.org/W4412494000","https://openalex.org/W4414614561","https://openalex.org/W4415989736","https://openalex.org/W4417497394"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-06-23T00:00:00"}