{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406049821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","title":"A Comprehensive Review for Generalized Few-Shot Imageclassification","display_name":"A Comprehensive Review for Generalized Few-Shot Imageclassification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406049821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100835"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018598136","display_name":"Sai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3256-7306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","Nantong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008650830","display_name":"Bin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-4989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","Nantong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371024","display_name":"Fan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8746-9845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hohai University, 8 Focheng West Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, China","Hohai University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hohai University, 8 Focheng West Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hohai University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101997243","display_name":"Xiaoxin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-4861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","Nantong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069969191","display_name":"Weiping Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-7347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","Nantong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University, 40 Qingnian E Rd, Chongchuan Qu, Nantong Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, 226000, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100749763","display_name":"Jun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7416-775X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia","Griffith University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008650830"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"],"apc_list":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"apc_paid":{"value":1350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1350},"fwci":1.6879,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84597511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"100835","last_page":"100835"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.5286388993263245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.382072776556015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3575184941291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.12832817435264587}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.5286388993263245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.382072776556015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3575184941291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.12832817435264587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5080987","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5080987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":283,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W2014400964","https://openalex.org/W2102480623","https://openalex.org/W2115733720","https://openalex.org/W2150385401","https://openalex.org/W2154455818","https://openalex.org/W2194321275","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2399033357","https://openalex.org/W2601450892","https://openalex.org/W2604763608","https://openalex.org/W2740620254","https://openalex.org/W2753160622","https://openalex.org/W2768228940","https://openalex.org/W2780838211","https://openalex.org/W2785325870","https://openalex.org/W2786398923","https://openalex.org/W2786928087","https://openalex.org/W2787035179","https://openalex.org/W2796346823","https://openalex.org/W2803023299","https://openalex.org/W2803672301","https://openalex.org/W2803895400","https://openalex.org/W2808498263","https://openalex.org/W2879390606","https://openalex.org/W2890874825","https://openalex.org/W2894906112","https://openalex.org/W2895106137","https://openalex.org/W2895671740","https://openalex.org/W2904008038","https://openalex.org/W2904218366","https://openalex.org/W2904389022","https://openalex.org/W2909383239","https://openalex.org/W2919053476","https://openalex.org/W2923375803","https://openalex.org/W2930227984","https://openalex.org/W2932033800","https://openalex.org/W2943605315","https://openalex.org/W2944378183","https://openalex.org/W2945390523","https://openalex.org/W2947298857","https://openalex.org/W2949879676","https://openalex.org/W2950996604","https://openalex.org/W2951970475","https://openalex.org/W2962723986","https://openalex.org/W2962799101","https://openalex.org/W2963070905","https://openalex.org/W2963341924","https://openalex.org/W2963350370","https://openalex.org/W2963444553","https://openalex.org/W2963741406","https://openalex.org/W2963845150","https://openalex.org/W2964026991","https://openalex.org/W2964105864","https://openalex.org/W2964206659","https://openalex.org/W2965535361","https://openalex.org/W2970144620","https://openalex.org/W2971071159","https://openalex.org/W2974885182","https://openalex.org/W2979509742","https://openalex.org/W2979689312","https://openalex.org/W2980347982","https://openalex.org/W2986604550","https://openalex.org/W2987283559","https://openalex.org/W2988205463","https://openalex.org/W2990216037","https://openalex.org/W2994633389","https://openalex.org/W2994803504","https://openalex.org/W2995049146","https://openalex.org/W2995253937","https://openalex.org/W2996623013","https://openalex.org/W2997265920","https://openalex.org/W3001411605","https://openalex.org/W3005680577","https://openalex.org/W3009081299","https://openalex.org/W3012473455","https://openalex.org/W3013254092","https://openalex.org/W3013644914","https://openalex.org/W3013939433","https://openalex.org/W3016847592","https://openalex.org/W3025345330","https://openalex.org/W3030509278","https://openalex.org/W3034187513","https://openalex.org/W3034312118","https://openalex.org/W3034453888","https://openalex.org/W3034942609","https://openalex.org/W3035143213","https://openalex.org/W3035302051","https://openalex.org/W3035370595","https://openalex.org/W3035524453","https://openalex.org/W3035531117","https://openalex.org/W3035654071","https://openalex.org/W3036139671","https://openalex.org/W3036176146","https://openalex.org/W3036411233","https://openalex.org/W3036984428","https://openalex.org/W3043250478","https://openalex.org/W3044220283","https://openalex.org/W3081382462","https://openalex.org/W3086423678","https://openalex.org/W3091905774","https://openalex.org/W3092883686","https://openalex.org/W3093143829","https://openalex.org/W3093163175","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3096805028","https://openalex.org/W3097019284","https://openalex.org/W3097643695","https://openalex.org/W3099486271","https://openalex.org/W3108878460","https://openalex.org/W3108975329","https://openalex.org/W3111169993","https://openalex.org/W3111381272","https://openalex.org/W3117115365","https://openalex.org/W3120742992","https://openalex.org/W3122520870","https://openalex.org/W3122796902","https://openalex.org/W3127860328","https://openalex.org/W3134544268","https://openalex.org/W3135367836","https://openalex.org/W3135385999","https://openalex.org/W3136670918","https://openalex.org/W3137084306","https://openalex.org/W3138507197","https://openalex.org/W3146079624","https://openalex.org/W3159056052","https://openalex.org/W3159328931","https://openalex.org/W3159907343","https://openalex.org/W3163343031","https://openalex.org/W3163842339","https://openalex.org/W3166396011","https://openalex.org/W3166852774","https://openalex.org/W3167673010","https://openalex.org/W3173788280","https://openalex.org/W3174159092","https://openalex.org/W3175320807","https://openalex.org/W3175327592","https://openalex.org/W3176341011","https://openalex.org/W3176738934","https://openalex.org/W3181932393","https://openalex.org/W3185613252","https://openalex.org/W3189329097","https://openalex.org/W3189656202","https://openalex.org/W3199257374","https://openalex.org/W3200358705","https://openalex.org/W3202188231","https://openalex.org/W3202483439","https://openalex.org/W3203015511","https://openalex.org/W3204815733","https://openalex.org/W3205508356","https://openalex.org/W3209209891","https://openalex.org/W3212897593","https://openalex.org/W3217267374","https://openalex.org/W3217287392","https://openalex.org/W4200629525","https://openalex.org/W4214562728","https://openalex.org/W4214608919","https://openalex.org/W4214666412","https://openalex.org/W4221141660","https://openalex.org/W4221161731","https://openalex.org/W4223538833","https://openalex.org/W4225323055","https://openalex.org/W4225670790","https://openalex.org/W4226040249","https://openalex.org/W4226077356","https://openalex.org/W4226267130","https://openalex.org/W4226317937","https://openalex.org/W4226409656","https://openalex.org/W4229455940","https://openalex.org/W4282930896","https://openalex.org/W4283021046","https://openalex.org/W4283079364","https://openalex.org/W4283724240","https://openalex.org/W4286225092","https://openalex.org/W4286892044","https://openalex.org/W4287180559","https://openalex.org/W4287776944","https://openalex.org/W4288073030","https://openalex.org/W4288560661","https://openalex.org/W4289241454","https://openalex.org/W4291653121","https://openalex.org/W4292603190","https://openalex.org/W4293407356","https://openalex.org/W4293575336","https://openalex.org/W4294646197","https://openalex.org/W4296545444","https://openalex.org/W4300860215","https://openalex.org/W4304092248","https://openalex.org/W4304701259","https://openalex.org/W4309845474","https://openalex.org/W4310513152","https://openalex.org/W4310561960","https://openalex.org/W4312235843","https://openalex.org/W4312282457","https://openalex.org/W4312430245","https://openalex.org/W4312526008","https://openalex.org/W4312589581","https://openalex.org/W4312818854","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4312935555","https://openalex.org/W4313010934","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4313167301","https://openalex.org/W4317545302","https://openalex.org/W4319163914","https://openalex.org/W4319878528","https://openalex.org/W4320472515","https://openalex.org/W4321021073","https://openalex.org/W4327671819","https://openalex.org/W4327810948","https://openalex.org/W4361193317","https://openalex.org/W4361230445","https://openalex.org/W4366083094","https://openalex.org/W4366999718","https://openalex.org/W4367000019","https://openalex.org/W4367189829","https://openalex.org/W4367369691","https://openalex.org/W4367694280","https://openalex.org/W4378506785","https://openalex.org/W4379382656","https://openalex.org/W4379382677","https://openalex.org/W4380302551","https://openalex.org/W4382203447","https://openalex.org/W4382318675","https://openalex.org/W4382461145","https://openalex.org/W4382462216","https://openalex.org/W4385153915","https://openalex.org/W4385681499","https://openalex.org/W4385764177","https://openalex.org/W4386065510","https://openalex.org/W4386065561","https://openalex.org/W4386066077","https://openalex.org/W4386075566","https://openalex.org/W4386075713","https://openalex.org/W4386076160","https://openalex.org/W4386076551","https://openalex.org/W4386076681","https://openalex.org/W4386083058","https://openalex.org/W4386523254","https://openalex.org/W4387560308","https://openalex.org/W4391801066","https://openalex.org/W4392114280","https://openalex.org/W4394625667","https://openalex.org/W4399779980","https://openalex.org/W4400903220","https://openalex.org/W6638523607","https://openalex.org/W6682494755","https://openalex.org/W6717697761","https://openalex.org/W6735236233","https://openalex.org/W6741605058","https://openalex.org/W6743661861","https://openalex.org/W6743731764","https://openalex.org/W6747397434","https://openalex.org/W6750389746","https://openalex.org/W6751575707","https://openalex.org/W6751751081","https://openalex.org/W6758126075","https://openalex.org/W6758201345","https://openalex.org/W6761378032","https://openalex.org/W6764051988","https://openalex.org/W6767471572","https://openalex.org/W6770626956","https://openalex.org/W6773060086","https://openalex.org/W6775609559","https://openalex.org/W6776331362","https://openalex.org/W6778495022","https://openalex.org/W6778563199","https://openalex.org/W6779481570","https://openalex.org/W6779549523","https://openalex.org/W6780205758","https://openalex.org/W6786656421","https://openalex.org/W6788404544","https://openalex.org/W6799889691","https://openalex.org/W6801085111","https://openalex.org/W6802068214","https://openalex.org/W6803870738","https://openalex.org/W6810166859","https://openalex.org/W6810188551","https://openalex.org/W6840202325","https://openalex.org/W6850230811","https://openalex.org/W6851610129","https://openalex.org/W6857189821","https://openalex.org/W6989557187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W1506200166"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,15,32,45,53,78,89,104,152,179],"era":[2],"of":[3,19,36,84,111,136,151],"deep":[4],"learning,":[5],"Few-Shot":[6,55],"Learning":[7],"(FSL)":[8],"is":[9],"a":[10,108],"promising":[11,171],"direction":[12],"to":[13,51,98,145],"bridge":[14],"gap":[16],"between":[17,91],"application":[18,30],"Artificial":[20],"Intelligence":[21],"(AI)":[22],"and":[23,70,86,93,129,161],"human":[24],"intelligence.":[25],"The":[26],"specific":[27],"implemented":[28],"AI":[29],"in":[31,44,68,113,178],"image":[33,38,56],"classification":[34,39],"field":[35],"few-shot":[37,115,118,124,126,131],"has":[40],"achieved":[41],"tremendous":[42],"developments":[43],"past":[46],"decade,":[47],"thereby":[48],"gradually":[49],"evolving":[50],"be":[52,175],"Generalized":[54],"Classification":[57],"(GFSC)":[58],"with":[59],"several":[60,170],"groups.":[61],"This":[62],"paper":[63],"comprehensively":[64],"reviews":[65],"recent":[66],"advances":[67],"GFSC":[69,92,112],"highlights":[71],"possible":[72],"future":[73],"work.":[74],"Firstly,":[75],"we":[76,106,164],"formulate":[77],"formal":[79],"definition":[80],"for":[81],"each":[82,137],"group":[83],"GFSC,":[85],"elaborate":[87],"on":[88,103,156],"difference":[90],"related":[94],"machine":[95],"learning":[96],"tasks":[97],"avoid":[99],"conceptual":[100],"confusion.":[101],"Based":[102],"formulation,":[105],"provide":[107],"comprehensive":[109],"review":[110],"vanilla":[114],"classification,":[116,119,125,132],"semi-supervised":[117],"unsupervised":[120],"few-sot":[121],"classifications,":[122],"cross-domain":[123],"open-set":[127],"recognition,":[128],"robust":[130],"covering":[133],"various":[134],"aspects":[135],"sub-group":[138],"ranging":[139],"from":[140],"algorithm":[141],"comparison,":[142],"detailed":[143],"analysis":[144],"heuristic":[146],"remarks.":[147],"Next,":[148],"performance":[149],"comparisons":[150],"representative":[153],"reviewed":[154],"methods":[155],"benchmark":[157],"datasets":[158],"are":[159],"provided":[160],"discussed.":[162],"Finally,":[163],"conclude":[165],"this":[166],"survey":[167],"by":[168],"highlighting":[169],"directions":[172],"that":[173],"should":[174],"further":[176],"addressed":[177],"future.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}