{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412792841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","title":"A self-supervised learning-based method for tunnel leakage defect few-shot recognition and visual explanation","display_name":"A self-supervised learning-based method for tunnel leakage defect few-shot recognition and visual explanation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412792841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112141509","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","issn_l":"1474-0346","issn":["1474-0346","1873-5320"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011196247","display_name":"Fei Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-6551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Minister of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Minister of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060514661","display_name":"Yadong Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0363-9702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ya-Dong Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Minister of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Minister of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100454211","display_name":"Jie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-7541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135994","display_name":"China Railway Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03za3eq42","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Railway Kunming Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Railway Kunming Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101916426","display_name":"Shuai Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-8692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100330842","display_name":"Yuxuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9084-7269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-xuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Minister of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Minister of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084184270","display_name":"Yongfa Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-0416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135994","display_name":"China Railway Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03za3eq42","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Fa Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377121","display_name":"Meng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-2074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101916426"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":{"value":3570,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3570},"apc_paid":{"value":3570,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3570},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00243178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":null,"first_page":"104955","last_page":"104955"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12482","display_name":"Tunneling and Rock Mechanics","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.7182168364524841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5406076908111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5234867334365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.5172812938690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37327975034713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.34638258814811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32782989740371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.18745329976081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.07135069370269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.05752432346343994}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7182168364524841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5406076908111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5234867334365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.5172812938690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37327975034713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.34638258814811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32782989740371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.18745329976081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07135069370269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.05752432346343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112141509","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","issn_l":"1474-0346","issn":["1474-0346","1873-5320"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.5374356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5374356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2026.104955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112141509","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","issn_l":"1474-0346","issn":["1474-0346","1873-5320"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2138621090","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2597068387","https://openalex.org/W2796506861","https://openalex.org/W2798991696","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2981340875","https://openalex.org/W2987283559","https://openalex.org/W2990763144","https://openalex.org/W2997747012","https://openalex.org/W3005680577","https://openalex.org/W3035060554","https://openalex.org/W3035524453","https://openalex.org/W3047631334","https://openalex.org/W3095812427","https://openalex.org/W3106528393","https://openalex.org/W3107668149","https://openalex.org/W3109013557","https://openalex.org/W3146188393","https://openalex.org/W3168822201","https://openalex.org/W3174205406","https://openalex.org/W3194687671","https://openalex.org/W3196589184","https://openalex.org/W3202403625","https://openalex.org/W4226210959","https://openalex.org/W4282919254","https://openalex.org/W4287592659","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4294350997","https://openalex.org/W4301409532","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4377100655","https://openalex.org/W4381546655","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4389560172","https://openalex.org/W4391914082","https://openalex.org/W4392745221","https://openalex.org/W4399432353","https://openalex.org/W4401415012","https://openalex.org/W4402079351","https://openalex.org/W4403258258","https://openalex.org/W4407091595","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6803870738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074502265","https://openalex.org/W4214877189","https://openalex.org/W2773965352","https://openalex.org/W2381179799","https://openalex.org/W4411535265","https://openalex.org/W2980279061","https://openalex.org/W2334685461","https://openalex.org/W2366718574","https://openalex.org/W2359774528","https://openalex.org/W4298312966"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,173],"frequently":[1],"used":[2],"supervised":[3],"learning":[4,57,192],"(SL)":[5],"methods":[6],"for":[7,24,109],"detecting":[8],"tunnel":[9,48,195],"leakage":[10,49,64,79,111,145],"defect":[11,169],"require":[12],"a":[13,83,103,140,156,167],"large":[14],"amount":[15],"of":[16,33,38,106,133,164,190],"labeled":[17,107],"data,":[18],"which":[19],"is":[20,70,87,151],"costly":[21],"and":[22,72,82,148,153,185],"challenging":[23],"practical":[25,194],"applications.":[26],"Moreover,":[27],"benchmarking":[28],"model":[29,60,96,121],"performance":[30,124],"faces":[31],"challenge":[32],"the":[34,46,67,120,179,188],"inconsistent":[35],"annotation":[36],"standards":[37],"dataset.":[39],"To":[40],"address":[41],"these":[42],"limitations,":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45,102,135,181],"self-established":[47],"instance":[50],"segmentation":[51],"dataset,":[52],"this":[53],"study":[54],"integrates":[55],"self-supervised":[56],"with":[58,97,125,160],"YOLO11n":[59,95],"to":[61,77,89,131],"facilitate":[62],"few-shot":[63],"recognition.":[65],"In":[66],"workflow,":[68],"YOLO-SimSiam":[69],"constructed":[71],"pre-trained":[73,98],"using":[74],"unlabeled":[75],"images":[76,108],"enhance":[78],"representation":[80],"learning,":[81],"comprehensive":[84],"evaluation":[85,171],"method":[86,175],"proposed":[88,174],"assess":[90],"feature":[91],"extraction":[92],"performance.":[93],"Subsequently,":[94],"weights":[99],"are":[100],"fine-tuned":[101],"limited":[104],"number":[105,147],"precise":[110],"recognition":[112],"through":[113],"transfer":[114],"learning.":[115],"Experiment":[116],"results":[117],"show":[118],"that":[119,132],"achieves":[122],"competitive":[123],"only":[126],"10%":[127],"dataset":[128,137],"(0.910)":[129],"comparable":[130],"SL":[134],"entire":[136],"(0.930).":[138],"Besides,":[139],"theoretical":[141],"conversion":[142],"formula":[143],"between":[144],"pixel":[146],"real":[149],"area":[150],"deduced":[152],"verified":[154],"in":[155,193],"field":[157],"calibration":[158],"experiment":[159],"an":[161],"error":[162],"rate":[163],"1.759%,":[165],"providing":[166],"normative":[168],"severity":[170],"measure.":[172],"can":[176],"effectively":[177],"reduce":[178],"dependency":[180],"extensive":[182],"data":[183],"annotation,":[184],"thus":[186],"promote":[187],"application":[189],"deep":[191],"maintenance.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-16T13:24:37.021932","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
