{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996100204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/1042-8143(91)90005-8","title":"ICONKAT: an integrated constructivist knowledge acquisition tool","display_name":"ICONKAT: an integrated constructivist knowledge acquisition tool","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996100204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/1042-8143(91)90005-8","mag":"1996100204"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/1042-8143(91)90005-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/1042-8143(91)90005-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135058521","display_name":"Knowledge Acquisition","issn_l":"1042-8143","issn":["1042-8143","1878-7355"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Knowledge Acquisition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113496011","display_name":"Kenneth M. Ford","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335578998","display_name":"Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition","ror":"https://ror.org/02napvw46","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335578998"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83683471","display_name":"University of West Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/002w4zy91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83683471"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335578998","https://openalex.org/I83683471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111389400","display_name":"Alberto J. Ca\u00f1as","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83683471","display_name":"University of West Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/002w4zy91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83683471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335578998","display_name":"Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition","ror":"https://ror.org/02napvw46","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335578998"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Can\u0304as","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335578998","https://openalex.org/I83683471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026290689","display_name":"Jeremy Jones","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335578998","display_name":"Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition","ror":"https://ror.org/02napvw46","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335578998"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83683471","display_name":"University of West Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/002w4zy91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83683471"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335578998","https://openalex.org/I83683471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109983798","display_name":"H. Phillip Stahl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard Stahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education, Roberts Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education, Roberts Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025736221","display_name":"Joseph D. Novak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8116-9486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Novak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education, Roberts Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education, Roberts Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068100726","display_name":"Jack Adams\u2010Webber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186803428","display_name":"Brock University","ror":"https://ror.org/056am2717","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186803428"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Adams-Webber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1","Department of Psychology , Brock University , St Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186803428"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology , Brock University , St Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186803428"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113496011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335578998","https://openalex.org/I83683471"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.3819,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98701802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"215","last_page":"236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7993183135986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-acquisition","display_name":"Knowledge acquisition","score":0.6390612125396729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5712859630584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5706334710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5683177709579468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.5370548963546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.5100560784339905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-model","display_name":"Domain model","score":0.5085667371749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4903266727924347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject-matter-expert","display_name":"Subject-matter expert","score":0.4857240319252014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.41626960039138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.4148328900337219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.39003467559814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.37556689977645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29859602451324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13636231422424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1226496696472168}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7993183135986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777220311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423340","display_name":"Knowledge acquisition","level":2,"score":0.6390612125396729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5712859630584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5706334710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5683177709579468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.5370548963546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.5100560784339905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92548554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2262868","display_name":"Domain model","level":3,"score":0.5085667371749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4903266727924347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105002631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4833645","display_name":"Subject-matter expert","level":3,"score":0.4857240319252014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.41626960039138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.4148328900337219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.39003467559814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.37556689977645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29859602451324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13636231422424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1226496696472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/1042-8143(91)90005-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/1042-8143(91)90005-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135058521","display_name":"Knowledge Acquisition","issn_l":"1042-8143","issn":["1042-8143","1878-7355"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Knowledge Acquisition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6253641","https://openalex.org/W81521481","https://openalex.org/W199743680","https://openalex.org/W286103601","https://openalex.org/W1554205565","https://openalex.org/W1570766874","https://openalex.org/W1983058960","https://openalex.org/W2002246027","https://openalex.org/W2002367153","https://openalex.org/W2013210056","https://openalex.org/W2044533100","https://openalex.org/W2059344054","https://openalex.org/W2059975159","https://openalex.org/W2062320350","https://openalex.org/W2125092265","https://openalex.org/W2150871663","https://openalex.org/W3012224093","https://openalex.org/W6600233343","https://openalex.org/W6603420132","https://openalex.org/W6646205064"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592721119","https://openalex.org/W2086580554","https://openalex.org/W1988622546","https://openalex.org/W2289473054","https://openalex.org/W2019276034","https://openalex.org/W2158321484","https://openalex.org/W2479922357","https://openalex.org/W4229675364","https://openalex.org/W2134684334","https://openalex.org/W2100835457"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}