{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048133174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0953-5438(92)90017-a","title":"Computer-based task representation: a methodology for improving system design","display_name":"Computer-based task representation: a methodology for improving system design","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048133174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0953-5438(92)90017-a","mag":"2048133174"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0953-5438(92)90017-a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0953-5438(92)90017-a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109111719","display_name":"David G. Payne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123946342","display_name":"Binghamton University","ror":"https://ror.org/008rmbt77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Payne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA","Department of Psychology, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA Tel: (607) 777-4610"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA Tel: (607) 777-4610","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052632806","display_name":"Maxine S. Cohen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123946342","display_name":"Binghamton University","ror":"https://ror.org/008rmbt77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxine Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022363297","display_name":"Richard E. Pastore","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123946342","display_name":"Binghamton University","ror":"https://ror.org/008rmbt77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Pastore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA","Department of Psychology, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA Tel: (607) 777-4610"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Center for Cognitive and Psycholinguistic Sciences, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA Tel: (607) 777-4610","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4932,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68058807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"267","last_page":"288"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.9031000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.788377046585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.7391029000282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.735814094543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.6650633215904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5695903301239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.5674055218696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.552734911441803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4354098439216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-data-representation","display_name":"External Data Representation","score":0.4337933659553528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4009144902229309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12739530205726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.0934709906578064}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.788377046585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.7391029000282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.735814094543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6650633215904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5695903301239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.5674055218696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.552734911441803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4354098439216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116409475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385056","display_name":"External Data Representation","level":2,"score":0.4337933659553528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4009144902229309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12739530205726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0934709906578064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0953-5438(92)90017-a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0953-5438(92)90017-a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nsuworks.nova.edu:gscis_facarticles-1090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_facarticles/91","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196410","display_name":"NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I203088144","host_organization_name":"Nova Southeastern University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203088144"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CCE Faculty Articles","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W251245585","https://openalex.org/W1531820668","https://openalex.org/W1550156812","https://openalex.org/W1557373999","https://openalex.org/W1571144263","https://openalex.org/W1588715534","https://openalex.org/W1600895443","https://openalex.org/W1696611903","https://openalex.org/W1706097554","https://openalex.org/W1879300773","https://openalex.org/W2157289187","https://openalex.org/W2276446180","https://openalex.org/W2594750765","https://openalex.org/W2616924292","https://openalex.org/W2971743483","https://openalex.org/W6635271653","https://openalex.org/W6637347907","https://openalex.org/W6694459489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000785801","https://openalex.org/W2979600163","https://openalex.org/W2757800430","https://openalex.org/W2766090822","https://openalex.org/W191045033","https://openalex.org/W2917844847","https://openalex.org/W2036757537","https://openalex.org/W2096451653","https://openalex.org/W4238546310","https://openalex.org/W4282930045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Task":[0,25],"analysis":[1,97,117],"procedures":[2],"can":[3],"be":[4],"used":[5],"in":[6,30,95],"all":[7],"stages":[8],"of":[9,18,35,101,107,110,124,127],"system":[10],"development":[11],"to":[12,52,87],"examine":[13],"the":[14,39,46,80,99,125],"nature":[15],"and":[16,41,84,90,98,104,115,131],"severity":[17],"performance":[19],"demands":[20],"placed":[21],"upon":[22],"human":[23],"operators.":[24],"analyses":[26],"involve":[27],"considerable":[28],"effort":[29],"obtaining":[31],"a":[32,60,73,122],"detailed":[33],"set":[34],"measurements":[36],"that":[37],"represent":[38],"behavioural":[40],"cognitive":[42],"tasks":[43],"performed":[44],"by":[45],"operators;":[47],"these":[48],"measures":[49,106],"are":[50,118],"referred":[51],"as":[53],"task":[54,65,88,113,116,129],"representation.":[55],"The":[56],"present":[57],"article":[58],"describes":[59],"flexible":[61],"method":[62],"for":[63],"incorporating":[64],"representation":[66,89,114,130],"data":[67,96],"into":[68],"an":[69,111],"electronic":[70],"spreadsheet.":[71],"Such":[72],"computer-based":[74,128],"procedure":[75],"has":[76],"many":[77],"advantages":[78],"over":[79],"more":[81],"traditional":[82],"paper":[83],"pencil":[85],"approaches":[86],"analysis,":[91],"including":[92],"greater":[93],"flexibility":[94],"inclusion":[100],"both":[102],"objective":[103],"subjective":[105],"workload.":[108],"Portions":[109],"illustrative":[112],"presented":[119],"along":[120],"with":[121],"discussion":[123],"strengths":[126],"analysis.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}