{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2105436664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(94)90067-1","title":"Application of neural networks to load-frequency control in power systems","display_name":"Application of neural networks to load-frequency control in power systems","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2105436664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(94)90067-1","mag":"2105436664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0893-6080(94)90067-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(94)90067-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110711540","display_name":"Fran\u00e7oise Beaufays","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7oise Beaufays","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University USA","Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080025149","display_name":"Y.L. Abdel-Magid","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youssef Abdel-Magid","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044542575","display_name":"Bernard Widrow","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Widrow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University USA","Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044542575"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.2766,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":187,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98507019,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"183","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7834454774856567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7454606294631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6737910509109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.6143458485603333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedforward-neural-network","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","score":0.5574957132339478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.5533532500267029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jacobian-matrix-and-determinant","display_name":"Jacobian matrix and determinant","score":0.5374506115913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5033344626426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.4950103163719177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.44655412435531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.4390994608402252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.4232484996318817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.4192578196525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.37727469205856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2807086110115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20066305994987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15456146001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13154450058937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08104407787322998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7834454774856567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7454606294631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6737910509109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.6143458485603333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47702885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441227","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","level":3,"score":0.5574957132339478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.5533532500267029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200331156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506041","display_name":"Jacobian matrix and determinant","level":2,"score":0.5374506115913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5033344626426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.4950103163719177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44655412435531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.4390994608402252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.4232484996318817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4192578196525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.37727469205856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2807086110115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20066305994987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15456146001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13154450058937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08104407787322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0893-6080(94)90067-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(94)90067-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.53.592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.53.592","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.speech.sri.com/pub/people/francois/neuralnets.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179688164","https://openalex.org/W1489404763","https://openalex.org/W1571403844","https://openalex.org/W1573503290","https://openalex.org/W1613359937","https://openalex.org/W2054731330","https://openalex.org/W2083646602","https://openalex.org/W2116424792","https://openalex.org/W2123036476","https://openalex.org/W2137983211","https://openalex.org/W2150355110","https://openalex.org/W2153244676","https://openalex.org/W2162712941","https://openalex.org/W2798839433","https://openalex.org/W3121926921","https://openalex.org/W3146803896","https://openalex.org/W3148194443","https://openalex.org/W4253020087","https://openalex.org/W6607257442","https://openalex.org/W6617221332","https://openalex.org/W6634288218","https://openalex.org/W6677452797","https://openalex.org/W6681983603","https://openalex.org/W6793481126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115072676","https://openalex.org/W97768505","https://openalex.org/W2918103456","https://openalex.org/W4311212821","https://openalex.org/W2045727192","https://openalex.org/W2023914354","https://openalex.org/W2102065768","https://openalex.org/W2080531293","https://openalex.org/W4390752998","https://openalex.org/W2540883726"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
