{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053868231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(91)90039-8","title":"Competitive neural architecture for hardware solution to the assignment problem","display_name":"Competitive neural architecture for hardware solution to the assignment problem","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053868231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(91)90039-8","mag":"2053868231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0893-6080(91)90039-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(91)90039-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056957184","display_name":"Silvio P. Eberhardt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7040-2601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.P. Eberhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109629417","display_name":"T. Daud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. Daud","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029389606","display_name":"Douglas Kerns","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.A. Kerns","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091627069","display_name":"Timothy X. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-0935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.X Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112715450","display_name":"A. P. Thakoor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.P. Thakoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109629417"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4286,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96639837,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"431","last_page":"442"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.7987295985221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6635199189186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.6315212845802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6068875789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settling-time","display_name":"Settling time","score":0.5651040077209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5598841905593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.41148242354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.39447861909866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3617427349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.36009472608566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.235643208026886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.20790225267410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.20465901494026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12261265516281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09402105212211609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/step-response","display_name":"Step response","score":0.09026888012886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.08849671483039856}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.7987295985221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6635199189186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.6315212845802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6068875789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14781684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983320","display_name":"Settling time","level":3,"score":0.5651040077209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5598841905593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.41148242354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.39447861909866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3617427349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.36009472608566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.235643208026886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.20790225267410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.20465901494026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12261265516281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09402105212211609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160030872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142864","display_name":"Step response","level":2,"score":0.09026888012886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.08849671483039856}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0893-6080(91)90039-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(91)90039-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510014385","https://openalex.org/W1517933959","https://openalex.org/W1537145117","https://openalex.org/W1597286183","https://openalex.org/W1663421356","https://openalex.org/W1745083831","https://openalex.org/W1964877994","https://openalex.org/W1969984789","https://openalex.org/W1974882012","https://openalex.org/W1994530392","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2048377882","https://openalex.org/W2056078008","https://openalex.org/W2058130919","https://openalex.org/W2062210787","https://openalex.org/W2091712738","https://openalex.org/W2093637817","https://openalex.org/W2099896495","https://openalex.org/W2112246162","https://openalex.org/W2119745285","https://openalex.org/W2124967612","https://openalex.org/W2125666370","https://openalex.org/W2127192465","https://openalex.org/W2139016795","https://openalex.org/W2141461755","https://openalex.org/W2144219012","https://openalex.org/W2147881255","https://openalex.org/W2170120409","https://openalex.org/W2464715771","https://openalex.org/W6630935159","https://openalex.org/W6635603907","https://openalex.org/W6638063387","https://openalex.org/W6675226779","https://openalex.org/W6676459577","https://openalex.org/W6678173725","https://openalex.org/W6678596327","https://openalex.org/W6678599251","https://openalex.org/W6680419907","https://openalex.org/W6719322828","https://openalex.org/W6793971605"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014521742","https://openalex.org/W1030049439","https://openalex.org/W4283025278","https://openalex.org/W2082432309","https://openalex.org/W2617868873","https://openalex.org/W817174743","https://openalex.org/W2050492524","https://openalex.org/W3204141294","https://openalex.org/W2998315020","https://openalex.org/W1976665945"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}