{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993217627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(88)90017-2","title":"Higher order associative memories and their optical implementations","display_name":"Higher order associative memories and their optical implementations","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993217627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(88)90017-2","mag":"1993217627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0893-6080(88)90017-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(88)90017-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/58980","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048152891","display_name":"Demetri Psaltis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4684-8800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Demetri Psaltis","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014633392","display_name":"Cheol Hoon Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7942-7311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheol Hoon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027440976","display_name":"John Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4016-7844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Institute of Technology USA","California institute of technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Institute of Technology USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California institute of technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048152891"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.5272,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":208,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99538397,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"149","last_page":"163"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outer-product","display_name":"Outer product","score":0.7330195903778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holography","display_name":"Holography","score":0.603584349155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/associative-property","display_name":"Associative property","score":0.5482150316238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.5423963069915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5408104062080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-equation","display_name":"Quadratic equation","score":0.5294781923294067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4967036843299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content-addressable-memory","display_name":"Content-addressable memory","score":0.49633175134658813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.48230791091918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial-expansion","display_name":"Polynomial expansion","score":0.473201721906662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.4488440752029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.442778617143631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4187034070491791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41779080033302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3954645097255707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.35498031973838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.2628346383571625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.231874018907547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2236652374267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.1269565224647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.11658170819282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10121163725852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.09074714779853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensor-product","display_name":"Tensor product","score":0.08770135045051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08136844635009766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180623205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268589","display_name":"Outer product","level":3,"score":0.7330195903778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187590223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527628","display_name":"Holography","level":2,"score":0.603584349155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159423971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177251","display_name":"Associative property","level":2,"score":0.5482150316238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5423963069915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5408104062080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129844170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41299","display_name":"Quadratic equation","level":2,"score":0.5294781923294067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4967036843299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53442348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745101","display_name":"Content-addressable memory","level":3,"score":0.49633175134658813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.48230791091918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127436580","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6452866","display_name":"Polynomial expansion","level":2,"score":0.473201721906662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.4488440752029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.442778617143631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4187034070491791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41779080033302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3954645097255707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.35498031973838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.2628346383571625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.231874018907547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2236652374267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.1269565224647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.11658170819282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10121163725852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.09074714779853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51255310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163016","display_name":"Tensor product","level":2,"score":0.08770135045051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08136844635009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0893-6080(88)90017-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(88)90017-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123019304","display_name":"Neural Networks","issn_l":"0893-6080","issn":["0893-6080","1879-2782"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:158532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/58980","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"research article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:158532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/58980","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"research article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131092763","https://openalex.org/W1535810436","https://openalex.org/W1546079066","https://openalex.org/W1618542530","https://openalex.org/W1680208568","https://openalex.org/W1822088578","https://openalex.org/W1964142240","https://openalex.org/W1972725536","https://openalex.org/W1991848143","https://openalex.org/W2020254313","https://openalex.org/W2026069576","https://openalex.org/W2031788394","https://openalex.org/W2053297984","https://openalex.org/W2054804336","https://openalex.org/W2062210787","https://openalex.org/W2063841918","https://openalex.org/W2068777106","https://openalex.org/W2075380850","https://openalex.org/W2078557547","https://openalex.org/W2087636648","https://openalex.org/W2100823705","https://openalex.org/W2117476053","https://openalex.org/W2126734608","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2161278885","https://openalex.org/W2162836072","https://openalex.org/W2290234976","https://openalex.org/W2472012335","https://openalex.org/W2618268600","https://openalex.org/W3017143921","https://openalex.org/W3151941575","https://openalex.org/W6605232822","https://openalex.org/W6632223199","https://openalex.org/W6634558890","https://openalex.org/W6636740673","https://openalex.org/W6637508633","https://openalex.org/W6638348953","https://openalex.org/W6679062898","https://openalex.org/W6738167119","https://openalex.org/W6850077213"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046912830","https://openalex.org/W279701215","https://openalex.org/W1984090010","https://openalex.org/W2107697999","https://openalex.org/W2049114128","https://openalex.org/W1902246517","https://openalex.org/W3145837419","https://openalex.org/W1967891304","https://openalex.org/W3095259367","https://openalex.org/W2213414068"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
