{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978924900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(85)90052-0","title":"Convolution with separable masks for early image processing","display_name":"Convolution with separable masks for early image processing","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978924900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(85)90052-0","mag":"1978924900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0734-189x(85)90052-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(85)90052-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212310","display_name":"Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing","issn_l":"0734-189X","issn":["0734-189X","1557-895X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026114072","display_name":"JS Wiejak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.S. Wiejak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Systems Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, England","Long Range Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Systems Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Long Range Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022630000","display_name":"Hilary Buxton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Buxton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Systems Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, England","Long Range Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Systems Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Long Range Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108402432","display_name":"Bernard F. Buxton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.F. Buxton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Systems Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, England","Long Range Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Systems Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Long Range Research Laboratory, GEC Research Laboratories, Hirst Research Centre, East Lane, Wembley, Middlesex HA9 7PP, England","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1986,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93144065,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"3","first_page":"279","last_page":"290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.8417738676071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6350772380828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","score":0.6289394497871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separable-space","display_name":"Separable space","score":0.602630615234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.5989173650741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5553035736083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5469366312026978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.48558276891708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.48008328676223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carry","display_name":"Carry (investment)","score":0.46367570757865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.4558999240398407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overlap\u2013add-method","display_name":"Overlap\u2013add method","score":0.44262969493865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.42313534021377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4152352809906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.40842676162719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3855820596218109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3293287456035614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.27239829301834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.15422779321670532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.12714332342147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-analysis","display_name":"Fourier analysis","score":0.0723649263381958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.8417738676071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6350772380828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.6289394497871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70710897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q680081","display_name":"Separable space","level":2,"score":0.602630615234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5989173650741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5553035736083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5469366312026978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.48558276891708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.48008328676223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432449","display_name":"Carry (investment)","level":2,"score":0.46367570757865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.4558999240398407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181002996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611641","display_name":"Overlap\u2013add method","level":5,"score":0.44262969493865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.42313534021377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4152352809906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.40842676162719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3855820596218109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3293287456035614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.27239829301834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.15422779321670532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.12714332342147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.0723649263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817582","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0734-189x(85)90052-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(85)90052-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212310","display_name":"Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing","issn_l":"0734-189X","issn":["0734-189X","1557-895X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53084564","https://openalex.org/W198279437","https://openalex.org/W1985053969","https://openalex.org/W2003370853","https://openalex.org/W2027166661","https://openalex.org/W2053260256","https://openalex.org/W2061171222","https://openalex.org/W2082177474","https://openalex.org/W2093482896","https://openalex.org/W2095364258","https://openalex.org/W2130755868","https://openalex.org/W2135461721","https://openalex.org/W2167558105","https://openalex.org/W4297204443","https://openalex.org/W6602175952","https://openalex.org/W6608087482","https://openalex.org/W6651155528","https://openalex.org/W6657200009","https://openalex.org/W6663431765","https://openalex.org/W6673860436","https://openalex.org/W6684773075"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2793180915","https://openalex.org/W2386495035","https://openalex.org/W1582047458","https://openalex.org/W1514266315","https://openalex.org/W2010841997","https://openalex.org/W2366145825","https://openalex.org/W1993166380","https://openalex.org/W2349703589","https://openalex.org/W2056747123","https://openalex.org/W3107790796"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T06:23:43.705686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}