{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008911124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(89)90016-5","title":"The Cloze procedure: An assessment of the understandability of data processing texts","display_name":"The Cloze procedure: An assessment of the understandability of data processing texts","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008911124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(89)90016-5","mag":"2008911124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0378-7206(89)90016-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(89)90016-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38883057","display_name":"Information & Management","issn_l":"0378-7206","issn":["0378-7206","1872-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031044147","display_name":"Ronald A. Guillemette","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ronald A. Guillemette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, University of Texas-El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0544, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, University of Texas-El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0544, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031044147"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"apc_list":{"value":3570,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3570},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.017,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88154718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"143","last_page":"155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.9768966436386108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobol","display_name":"COBOL","score":0.8322972059249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7167984247207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.6798345446586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5239108800888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.46434149146080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloze-test","display_name":"Cloze test","score":0.41634654998779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3907051086425781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"Reading comprehension","score":0.3690961003303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.3596838712692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.35852718353271484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2207634449005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16165030002593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.11165568232536316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.9768966436386108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128595289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131140","display_name":"COBOL","level":2,"score":0.8322972059249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7167984247207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6798345446586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5239108800888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.46434149146080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779286901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951968","display_name":"Cloze test","level":4,"score":0.41634654998779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3907051086425781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.3690961003303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.3596838712692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.35852718353271484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2207634449005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16165030002593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.11165568232536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0378-7206(89)90016-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(89)90016-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38883057","display_name":"Information & Management","issn_l":"0378-7206","issn":["0378-7206","1872-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11851399","https://openalex.org/W109911914","https://openalex.org/W216153039","https://openalex.org/W284418431","https://openalex.org/W284798938","https://openalex.org/W629565124","https://openalex.org/W1481128830","https://openalex.org/W1481281556","https://openalex.org/W1520424381","https://openalex.org/W1534764280","https://openalex.org/W1573769688","https://openalex.org/W1637874174","https://openalex.org/W1884963948","https://openalex.org/W1966936387","https://openalex.org/W1967224426","https://openalex.org/W1967390364","https://openalex.org/W1967427125","https://openalex.org/W1975535483","https://openalex.org/W1978736018","https://openalex.org/W1986371767","https://openalex.org/W1996826537","https://openalex.org/W2008580145","https://openalex.org/W2009053629","https://openalex.org/W2010402631","https://openalex.org/W2013180386","https://openalex.org/W2014539084","https://openalex.org/W2018649599","https://openalex.org/W2033020274","https://openalex.org/W2039840321","https://openalex.org/W2043255229","https://openalex.org/W2045235429","https://openalex.org/W2051200425","https://openalex.org/W2067747223","https://openalex.org/W2069234241","https://openalex.org/W2080515068","https://openalex.org/W2086646059","https://openalex.org/W2088993852","https://openalex.org/W2095226306","https://openalex.org/W2120958963","https://openalex.org/W2123615536","https://openalex.org/W2124688187","https://openalex.org/W2133247167","https://openalex.org/W2142023744","https://openalex.org/W2159499062","https://openalex.org/W2169254547","https://openalex.org/W2171816001","https://openalex.org/W2270070752","https://openalex.org/W2289836221","https://openalex.org/W2292103514","https://openalex.org/W2323279794","https://openalex.org/W2493288583","https://openalex.org/W2517185376","https://openalex.org/W2724558914","https://openalex.org/W3006018623","https://openalex.org/W3140414570","https://openalex.org/W4247553730","https://openalex.org/W4255528569","https://openalex.org/W4256455301","https://openalex.org/W6600473701","https://openalex.org/W6610188920","https://openalex.org/W6610260236","https://openalex.org/W6628960004","https://openalex.org/W6678573788","https://openalex.org/W6696926454","https://openalex.org/W6726475915","https://openalex.org/W6791963441"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108103848","https://openalex.org/W2185593856","https://openalex.org/W2082296339","https://openalex.org/W2161828220","https://openalex.org/W1972348076","https://openalex.org/W2083863157","https://openalex.org/W2778330999","https://openalex.org/W2741159937","https://openalex.org/W1584494625","https://openalex.org/W37648152"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
