{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010444984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-5075(81)90016-7","title":"Open systems, today and tomorrow \u2014 A personal perspective","display_name":"Open systems, today and tomorrow \u2014 A personal perspective","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010444984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-5075(81)90016-7","mag":"2010444984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0376-5075(81)90016-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-5075(81)90016-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231469","display_name":"Computer Networks (1976)","issn_l":"0376-5075","issn":["0376-5075","1878-3120"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Networks (1976)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110296929","display_name":"Sigram Schindler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sigram Schindler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Institut f\u00fcr Software und Theoretische Informatik, Fachgebiet Betriebssysteme, Fachbereich 20, TEL 19, Ernst Reuter-Platz 7, D-1000 Berlin, F.R. Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Institut f\u00fcr Software und Theoretische Informatik, Fachgebiet Betriebssysteme, Fachbereich 20, TEL 19, Ernst Reuter-Platz 7, D-1000 Berlin, F.R. Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110296929"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6623,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9635852,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":"167","last_page":"176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14129","display_name":"Economic and Business Studies","score":0.06780000030994415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14129","display_name":"Economic and Business Studies","score":0.06780000030994415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13498","display_name":"Economic Development and Digital Transformation","score":0.06759999692440033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14390","display_name":"Real estate and construction management","score":0.06530000269412994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7839466333389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.664537787437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-system","display_name":"Open system (computing)","score":0.523361086845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5209054350852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4281904399394989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.4207088351249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3247513175010681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.32228100299835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.31482622027397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09707134962081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.0956716537475586}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7839466333389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.664537787437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163677043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2382874","display_name":"Open system (computing)","level":3,"score":0.523361086845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5209054350852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4281904399394989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.4207088351249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3247513175010681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.32228100299835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.31482622027397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09707134962081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0956716537475586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0376-5075(81)90016-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-5075(81)90016-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231469","display_name":"Computer Networks (1976)","issn_l":"0376-5075","issn":["0376-5075","1878-3120"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Networks (1976)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012039729","https://openalex.org/W2035217368","https://openalex.org/W2043118878","https://openalex.org/W6661505756"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149537132","https://openalex.org/W2382657549","https://openalex.org/W2979963534","https://openalex.org/W2570784059","https://openalex.org/W1537502677","https://openalex.org/W2388540080","https://openalex.org/W2582498503","https://openalex.org/W2549555421","https://openalex.org/W3192201478","https://openalex.org/W4292973309"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
