{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122367141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(90)90008-p","title":"Anaphora in natural language processing and information retrieval","display_name":"Anaphora in natural language processing and information retrieval","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122367141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(90)90008-p","mag":"2122367141"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-4573(90)90008-p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(90)90008-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006721038","display_name":"Elizabeth D. Liddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth DuRoss Liddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244-2340, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244-2340, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006721038"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1496,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89392044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anaphora","display_name":"Anaphora (linguistics)","score":0.9582273960113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7578535079956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7072671055793762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.6279438734054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5766467452049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5762804746627808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4989023208618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.4810950458049774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.4610122740268707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.34202104806900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.15689915418624878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.08713001012802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.06943574547767639}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781449363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156751","display_name":"Anaphora (linguistics)","level":3,"score":0.9582273960113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7578535079956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7072671055793762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6279438734054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5766467452049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5762804746627808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4989023208618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4810950458049774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.4610122740268707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.34202104806900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15689915418624878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.08713001012802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.06943574547767639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-4573(90)90008-p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(90)90008-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing & Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19867504","https://openalex.org/W193854645","https://openalex.org/W204087171","https://openalex.org/W1525482321","https://openalex.org/W1526618195","https://openalex.org/W1542351050","https://openalex.org/W1573330584","https://openalex.org/W1604122592","https://openalex.org/W1605067591","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W1973103321","https://openalex.org/W1981818098","https://openalex.org/W1989444581","https://openalex.org/W2015454426","https://openalex.org/W2015933299","https://openalex.org/W2026789015","https://openalex.org/W2035032881","https://openalex.org/W2042008249","https://openalex.org/W2059035187","https://openalex.org/W2063915530","https://openalex.org/W2088802729","https://openalex.org/W2135747859","https://openalex.org/W2136374365","https://openalex.org/W2324269035","https://openalex.org/W2325227998","https://openalex.org/W3133798003","https://openalex.org/W4238264692","https://openalex.org/W6608313022","https://openalex.org/W6631553122","https://openalex.org/W6634206210","https://openalex.org/W6647805570","https://openalex.org/W6656422111","https://openalex.org/W6679981005","https://openalex.org/W6680088967"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W128392744","https://openalex.org/W766760975","https://openalex.org/W1992346967","https://openalex.org/W207304934","https://openalex.org/W4226285911","https://openalex.org/W1527340856","https://openalex.org/W2329797375","https://openalex.org/W2122367141","https://openalex.org/W1483367581","https://openalex.org/W2964093485"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}