{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2028037873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(84)90051-7","title":"Simple metrics for programming languages","display_name":"Simple metrics for programming languages","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2028037873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(84)90051-7","mag":"2028037873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-4573(84)90051-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(84)90051-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011734666","display_name":"Bruce J. MacLennan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3584-5866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruce J. MacLennan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93940, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93940, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011734666"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"],"apc_list":{"value":3220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.782,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8693281,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1-2","first_page":"209","last_page":"221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.770614504814148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7102592587471008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4655977189540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.36003825068473816}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.770614504814148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7102592587471008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4655977189540863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.36003825068473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-4573(84)90051-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(84)90051-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S174847851","display_name":"Information Processing & Management","issn_l":"0306-4573","issn":["0306-4573","1873-5371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:ADA121282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&amp;verb=getRecord&amp;metadataPrefix=html&amp;identifier=ADA121282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTIC AND NTIS","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:calhoun.nps.edu:10945/29086","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10945/29086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400952","display_name":"Calhoun: The Naval Postgraduate School Institutional Archive (Naval Postgraduate School)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","host_organization_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Technical Report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W344131411","https://openalex.org/W1544692185","https://openalex.org/W1554859476","https://openalex.org/W2001447498","https://openalex.org/W2024550019","https://openalex.org/W2075811056","https://openalex.org/W2105621584","https://openalex.org/W2151402235","https://openalex.org/W2155363414","https://openalex.org/W2155741178","https://openalex.org/W2395082251","https://openalex.org/W6611711053","https://openalex.org/W6632606816","https://openalex.org/W6675811189","https://openalex.org/W6711961855"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1585007175","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4300101996","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
