{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007203829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4379(91)90002-q","title":"The time dimension in conceptual modelling","display_name":"The time dimension in conceptual modelling","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007203829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4379(91)90002-q","mag":"2007203829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-4379(91)90002-q","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4379(91)90002-q","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193006928","display_name":"Information Systems","issn_l":"0306-4379","issn":["0306-4379","1873-6076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076616089","display_name":"Babis Theodoulidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-1193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charalampos I Theodoulidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computation, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computation, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036455837","display_name":"Pericles Loucopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-5001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pericles Loucopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computation, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computation, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076616089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":{"value":2970,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2970},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92869092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"273","last_page":"300"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.800568699836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-schema","display_name":"Conceptual schema","score":0.6628744602203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schema","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","score":0.559444010257721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-model","display_name":"Conceptual model","score":0.5502864122390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.523901104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4767630696296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.4671924114227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.46254536509513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3546491265296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.33371502161026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.15323570370674133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.10030055046081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.0849023163318634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.800568699836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29275276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268965","display_name":"Conceptual schema","level":3,"score":0.6628744602203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.559444010257721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.5502864122390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.523901104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4767630696296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.4671924114227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.46254536509513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3546491265296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.33371502161026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.15323570370674133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.10030055046081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0849023163318634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165611974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5531015","display_name":"Gender schema theory","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0306-4379(91)90002-q","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4379(91)90002-q","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193006928","display_name":"Information Systems","issn_l":"0306-4379","issn":["0306-4379","1873-6076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/d6f16043-2774-40be-a998-ec8b9b84890a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/d6f16043-2774-40be-a998-ec8b9b84890a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theodoulidis, C I & Loucopoulos, P 1991, 'The time dimension in conceptual modelling', Information Systems, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 273-300. < http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=118155.118157&amp;coll=DL&amp;dl=GUIDE&amp;CFID=60391922&amp;CFTOKEN=22584856 >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.48.1149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.1149","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.co.umist.ac.uk/~timelab/publications/papers/is91a.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/d6f16043-2774-40be-a998-ec8b9b84890a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=118155.118157&coll=DL&dl=GUIDE&CFID=60391922&CFTOKEN=22584856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theodoulidis, C I & Loucopoulos, P 1991, 'The time dimension in conceptual modelling', Information Systems, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 273-300. < http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=118155.118157&amp;coll=DL&amp;dl=GUIDE&amp;CFID=60391922&amp;CFTOKEN=22584856 >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W138307844","https://openalex.org/W138357705","https://openalex.org/W142489086","https://openalex.org/W163185041","https://openalex.org/W166266902","https://openalex.org/W177379855","https://openalex.org/W202072480","https://openalex.org/W202748147","https://openalex.org/W351667821","https://openalex.org/W586147925","https://openalex.org/W1482449241","https://openalex.org/W1482799780","https://openalex.org/W1488267121","https://openalex.org/W1498235741","https://openalex.org/W1502804537","https://openalex.org/W1503973609","https://openalex.org/W1528419757","https://openalex.org/W1530174170","https://openalex.org/W1552346309","https://openalex.org/W1554627134","https://openalex.org/W1556304483","https://openalex.org/W1573002516","https://openalex.org/W1574274425","https://openalex.org/W1575737483","https://openalex.org/W1581512420","https://openalex.org/W1589008399","https://openalex.org/W1594102518","https://openalex.org/W1596931313","https://openalex.org/W1614320201","https://openalex.org/W1759890077","https://openalex.org/W1819711275","https://openalex.org/W1969368990","https://openalex.org/W1969647484","https://openalex.org/W1970658603","https://openalex.org/W1982571652","https://openalex.org/W1992752048","https://openalex.org/W1994107337","https://openalex.org/W2009980092","https://openalex.org/W2049819684","https://openalex.org/W2054736275","https://openalex.org/W2059252897","https://openalex.org/W2060872161","https://openalex.org/W2065245166","https://openalex.org/W2067481201","https://openalex.org/W2070115085","https://openalex.org/W2070664739","https://openalex.org/W2078898130","https://openalex.org/W2104351678","https://openalex.org/W2121299573","https://openalex.org/W2122540544","https://openalex.org/W2122789628","https://openalex.org/W2130474477","https://openalex.org/W2133534940","https://openalex.org/W2133629915","https://openalex.org/W2144192824","https://openalex.org/W2146054836","https://openalex.org/W2147869465","https://openalex.org/W2161484642","https://openalex.org/W2165467455","https://openalex.org/W2185907055","https://openalex.org/W2294081347","https://openalex.org/W2305900830","https://openalex.org/W2611245576","https://openalex.org/W2945526390","https://openalex.org/W2987630820","https://openalex.org/W3032363870","https://openalex.org/W3121343637","https://openalex.org/W3123141741","https://openalex.org/W4239571647","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605670468","https://openalex.org/W6605831061","https://openalex.org/W6606723143","https://openalex.org/W6606723401","https://openalex.org/W6628941488","https://openalex.org/W6629844072","https://openalex.org/W6630148476","https://openalex.org/W6630296411","https://openalex.org/W6631479189","https://openalex.org/W6633170249","https://openalex.org/W6634161761","https://openalex.org/W6634351458","https://openalex.org/W6634809452","https://openalex.org/W6635552261","https://openalex.org/W6636639138","https://openalex.org/W6642646034","https://openalex.org/W6642996364","https://openalex.org/W6649694661","https://openalex.org/W6652997189","https://openalex.org/W6665195150","https://openalex.org/W6666950623","https://openalex.org/W6670430954","https://openalex.org/W6676664557","https://openalex.org/W6677793145","https://openalex.org/W6679932289","https://openalex.org/W6698360879","https://openalex.org/W6940785341"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W629399385","https://openalex.org/W4248994601","https://openalex.org/W2157747718","https://openalex.org/W39310976","https://openalex.org/W1985157031","https://openalex.org/W2360992999","https://openalex.org/W101905311","https://openalex.org/W3163421923","https://openalex.org/W2126565341","https://openalex.org/W10742908"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
