{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069447794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(88)90134-x","title":"Complexity, combinatorial group theory and the language of palutators","display_name":"Complexity, combinatorial group theory and the language of palutators","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069447794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(88)90134-x","mag":"2069447794"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0304-3975(88)90134-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(88)90134-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90727058","display_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"0304-3975","issn":["0304-3975","1879-2294"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079893485","display_name":"Carol Tretkoff","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83041322","display_name":"Brooklyn College","ror":"https://ror.org/019k4jq75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83041322"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carol Tretkoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY 11210, U.S.A","\u00a7Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY 11210, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83041322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00a7Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83041322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079893485"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83041322"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5301,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65717348,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"3","first_page":"253","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10304","display_name":"Geometric and Algebraic Topology","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6325902938842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.5621741414070129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complexity-class","display_name":"Complexity class","score":0.5589588284492493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commutator","display_name":"Commutator","score":0.5464195609092712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.535648763179779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.5284205079078674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4954026937484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.425701767206192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4178081750869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/descriptive-complexity-theory","display_name":"Descriptive complexity theory","score":0.41368764638900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.38079404830932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3559032082557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.2135722041130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.14702337980270386}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6325902938842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.5621741414070129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39637292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908207","display_name":"Complexity class","level":3,"score":0.5589588284492493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145620117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2989763","display_name":"Commutator","level":4,"score":0.5464195609092712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.535648763179779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.5284205079078674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4954026937484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.425701767206192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4178081750869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133142742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200755","display_name":"Descriptive complexity theory","level":3,"score":0.41368764638900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.38079404830932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3559032082557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2135722041130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.14702337980270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73648015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6543817","display_name":"Lie conformal algebra","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0304-3975(88)90134-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(88)90134-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90727058","display_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","issn_l":"0304-3975","issn":["0304-3975","1879-2294"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Theoretical Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70771486","https://openalex.org/W1484033543","https://openalex.org/W1514735749","https://openalex.org/W1516116134","https://openalex.org/W1523052313","https://openalex.org/W1525514552","https://openalex.org/W1531118294","https://openalex.org/W1541824250","https://openalex.org/W1558316751","https://openalex.org/W1571968609","https://openalex.org/W1853970791","https://openalex.org/W1963661582","https://openalex.org/W1972468537","https://openalex.org/W1973552094","https://openalex.org/W1985108724","https://openalex.org/W1986597203","https://openalex.org/W1993901943","https://openalex.org/W1997160882","https://openalex.org/W2002089154","https://openalex.org/W2003559293","https://openalex.org/W2003680473","https://openalex.org/W2009571139","https://openalex.org/W2029872977","https://openalex.org/W2031613223","https://openalex.org/W2032995245","https://openalex.org/W2062170505","https://openalex.org/W2073165419","https://openalex.org/W2075639491","https://openalex.org/W2088247760","https://openalex.org/W2094015074","https://openalex.org/W2135953325","https://openalex.org/W2158086683","https://openalex.org/W2175300689","https://openalex.org/W2325416986","https://openalex.org/W2333555861","https://openalex.org/W2480722803","https://openalex.org/W2565419419","https://openalex.org/W2594961821","https://openalex.org/W3146830351","https://openalex.org/W4213035659","https://openalex.org/W4249804016","https://openalex.org/W4302339081","https://openalex.org/W6602850795","https://openalex.org/W6629065041","https://openalex.org/W6630466623","https://openalex.org/W6631031557","https://openalex.org/W6633412597","https://openalex.org/W6638934191","https://openalex.org/W6646235023","https://openalex.org/W6659015802"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327776271","https://openalex.org/W2374430960","https://openalex.org/W2041069649","https://openalex.org/W342214647","https://openalex.org/W1589381382","https://openalex.org/W2461808546","https://openalex.org/W3003471035","https://openalex.org/W2047754121","https://openalex.org/W2990853482","https://openalex.org/W1548964214"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
