{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048524671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-023x(93)90034-m","title":"Bounding the computation time of forward-chaining rule-based systems","display_name":"Bounding the computation time of forward-chaining rule-based systems","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048524671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-023x(93)90034-m","mag":"2048524671"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0169-023x(93)90034-m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-023x(93)90034-m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136993123","display_name":"Data & Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0169-023X","issn":["0169-023X","1872-6933"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data & Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023434400","display_name":"Kevin Tomsovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-8556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Tomsovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2752, USA","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University Pullman, WA, 99164-2752 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2752, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University Pullman, WA, 99164-2752 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002375301","display_name":"Chen\u2010Ching Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8941-7958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Ching Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002375301"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15278762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"317","last_page":"334"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaining","display_name":"Chaining","score":0.8315837383270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backward-chaining","display_name":"Backward chaining","score":0.7544444799423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-chaining","display_name":"Forward chaining","score":0.7286249995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.7222196459770203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7116186022758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.6786949634552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.5421278476715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.49689820408821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4679226875305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46360480785369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-thumb","display_name":"Rule of thumb","score":0.44488292932510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4316745102405548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-system","display_name":"Rule-based system","score":0.4223843514919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32182973623275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3205406069755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2004689872264862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19789668917655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference-engine","display_name":"Inference engine","score":0.13124221563339233}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49020025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059099","display_name":"Chaining","level":2,"score":0.8315837383270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129916263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141183","display_name":"Backward chaining","level":4,"score":0.7544444799423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142614401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777433","display_name":"Forward chaining","level":3,"score":0.7286249995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.7222196459770203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7116186022758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.6786949634552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.5421278476715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.49689820408821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4679226875305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46360480785369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89246107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1398821","display_name":"Rule of thumb","level":2,"score":0.44488292932510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4316745102405548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149271511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417149","display_name":"Rule-based system","level":2,"score":0.4223843514919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32182973623275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3205406069755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2004689872264862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19789668917655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46743427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341685","display_name":"Inference engine","level":3,"score":0.13124221563339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0169-023x(93)90034-m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-023x(93)90034-m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136993123","display_name":"Data & Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"0169-023X","issn":["0169-023X","1872-6933"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data & Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20147497","https://openalex.org/W77985799","https://openalex.org/W184529685","https://openalex.org/W208088735","https://openalex.org/W1524618384","https://openalex.org/W1540271664","https://openalex.org/W1564733196","https://openalex.org/W1588228609","https://openalex.org/W1608196105","https://openalex.org/W1947487028","https://openalex.org/W2005004006","https://openalex.org/W2013387783","https://openalex.org/W2030418517","https://openalex.org/W2046739349","https://openalex.org/W2116502002","https://openalex.org/W2124147066","https://openalex.org/W2127560529","https://openalex.org/W2136066653","https://openalex.org/W2138333946","https://openalex.org/W2139211701","https://openalex.org/W2144115857","https://openalex.org/W2150199218","https://openalex.org/W3093981756","https://openalex.org/W6603194495","https://openalex.org/W6607530642","https://openalex.org/W6631504269","https://openalex.org/W6635346569","https://openalex.org/W6636425123","https://openalex.org/W6640682719","https://openalex.org/W6653386663","https://openalex.org/W6678524981","https://openalex.org/W6680219271","https://openalex.org/W6680226682","https://openalex.org/W6681538276","https://openalex.org/W6682253245","https://openalex.org/W7001193392"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238340239","https://openalex.org/W2472912427","https://openalex.org/W2114383597","https://openalex.org/W2886511220","https://openalex.org/W2613924724","https://openalex.org/W2184441786","https://openalex.org/W2621131456","https://openalex.org/W3159334695","https://openalex.org/W4296096530","https://openalex.org/W9842732"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}