{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2085305950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-0072(93)90041-b","title":"Linearizing intuitionistic implication","display_name":"Linearizing intuitionistic implication","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2085305950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-0072(93)90041-b","mag":"2085305950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0168-0072(93)90041-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-0072(93)90041-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172477885","display_name":"Annals of Pure and Applied Logic","issn_l":"0168-0072","issn":["0168-0072","1873-2461"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Pure and Applied Logic","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003908930","display_name":"Patrick Lincoln","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Lincoln","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA","Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054465062","display_name":"Andre Scedrov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4536-0419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Scedrov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6395, USA","Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104\u20136395, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6395, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104\u20136395, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103207172","display_name":"Natarajan Shankar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8652-8871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natarajan Shankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA","Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152","https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003908930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152","https://openalex.org/I4210099336","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":3390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3278,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89295692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"2","first_page":"151","last_page":"177"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.8058447241783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7607740759849548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intuitionistic-logic","display_name":"Intuitionistic logic","score":0.7145659923553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5710271596908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.5210570693016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragment","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","score":0.48198193311691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propositional-calculus","display_name":"Propositional calculus","score":0.3884025812149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.33160465955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26169800758361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2024795114994049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.06338804960250854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.8058447241783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7607740759849548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178421362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176786","display_name":"Intuitionistic logic","level":3,"score":0.7145659923553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5710271596908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.5210570693016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18392052","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","level":2,"score":0.48198193311691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69562738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200694","display_name":"Propositional calculus","level":2,"score":0.3884025812149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.33160465955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26169800758361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2024795114994049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06338804960250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0168-0072(93)90041-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-0072(93)90041-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172477885","display_name":"Annals of Pure and Applied Logic","issn_l":"0168-0072","issn":["0168-0072","1873-2461"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Pure and Applied Logic","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W159715351","https://openalex.org/W1469104086","https://openalex.org/W1492846120","https://openalex.org/W1502726770","https://openalex.org/W1524811322","https://openalex.org/W1571141480","https://openalex.org/W1950219843","https://openalex.org/W1952931766","https://openalex.org/W1971256104","https://openalex.org/W1977898832","https://openalex.org/W1983271240","https://openalex.org/W1991670662","https://openalex.org/W1996605832","https://openalex.org/W2012968289","https://openalex.org/W2021289373","https://openalex.org/W2063179190","https://openalex.org/W2070324762","https://openalex.org/W2077767673","https://openalex.org/W2093111544","https://openalex.org/W2095436832","https://openalex.org/W2106458801","https://openalex.org/W2111956051","https://openalex.org/W2126263702","https://openalex.org/W2127478938","https://openalex.org/W2127889926","https://openalex.org/W2131739376","https://openalex.org/W2142191554","https://openalex.org/W2156950788","https://openalex.org/W2166666657","https://openalex.org/W2183401507","https://openalex.org/W2911865844","https://openalex.org/W3145063512","https://openalex.org/W6606522490","https://openalex.org/W6629462540","https://openalex.org/W6630156522","https://openalex.org/W6633958760","https://openalex.org/W6640794100","https://openalex.org/W6641153774","https://openalex.org/W6676047395","https://openalex.org/W6676961052","https://openalex.org/W6678927567","https://openalex.org/W6680854752"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140640825","https://openalex.org/W2949568827","https://openalex.org/W4298032921","https://openalex.org/W4230210714","https://openalex.org/W1986625420","https://openalex.org/W2019841519","https://openalex.org/W3032980851","https://openalex.org/W2227896468","https://openalex.org/W2753667555","https://openalex.org/W2119215098"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}