{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4248504448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(86)90123-5","title":"Data as models: An approach to implementing model management","display_name":"Data as models: An approach to implementing model management","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4248504448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(86)90123-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-9236(86)90123-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(86)90123-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11479521","display_name":"Decision Support Systems","issn_l":"0167-9236","issn":["0167-9236","1873-5797"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Decision Support Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086729678","display_name":"Daniel R. Dolk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel R Dolk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Administrative Sciences, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Administrative Sciences, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086729678"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"],"apc_list":{"value":3280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3280},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92542572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"73","last_page":"80"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9466999769210815,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9466999769210815,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9412000179290771,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.91839998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7722694873809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-model","display_name":"Data model (GIS)","score":0.5999627113342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.5861892700195312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-data-model","display_name":"Logical data model","score":0.5396983027458191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-model","display_name":"Conceptual model","score":0.524928629398346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5180018544197083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metamodeling","display_name":"Metamodeling","score":0.45044082403182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4471189081668854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.43782350420951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4361984133720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-management","display_name":"Data management","score":0.4345484673976898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-model","display_name":"Information model","score":0.42905086278915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3969196081161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3263154625892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2976651191711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.25078409910202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13004299998283386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10220068693161011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7722694873809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100463513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227322","display_name":"Data model (GIS)","level":2,"score":0.5999627113342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5861892700195312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203702819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146953","display_name":"Logical data model","level":3,"score":0.5396983027458191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.524928629398346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5180018544197083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86610423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925081","display_name":"Metamodeling","level":2,"score":0.45044082403182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4471189081668854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.43782350420951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4361984133720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1668388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149776","display_name":"Data management","level":2,"score":0.4345484673976898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21338462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662581","display_name":"Information model","level":2,"score":0.42905086278915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3969196081161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3263154625892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2976651191711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.25078409910202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13004299998283386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10220068693161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-9236(86)90123-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(86)90123-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11479521","display_name":"Decision Support Systems","issn_l":"0167-9236","issn":["0167-9236","1873-5797"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Decision Support Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508755994","https://openalex.org/W2013902787","https://openalex.org/W2035124077","https://openalex.org/W2054425462","https://openalex.org/W2081737649","https://openalex.org/W2108310737","https://openalex.org/W2125299991","https://openalex.org/W2185907055","https://openalex.org/W4240501907","https://openalex.org/W6629412049","https://openalex.org/W6630436310","https://openalex.org/W6756198448"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991945580","https://openalex.org/W2074395527","https://openalex.org/W638142098","https://openalex.org/W846443833","https://openalex.org/W2098136777","https://openalex.org/W2354690519","https://openalex.org/W2390170167","https://openalex.org/W1984537705","https://openalex.org/W176179949","https://openalex.org/W2387641962"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
