{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2057836354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","title":"Training neural networks for minimum average risk with a special application to context dependent learning","display_name":"Training neural networks for minimum average risk with a special application to context dependent learning","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2057836354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","mag":"2057836354"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167865595000869","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167865595000869","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105827280","display_name":"Luuk Spreeuwers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-560X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luuk Spreeuwers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105827280"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15696064,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"1221","last_page":"1236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.806516170501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7368481755256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6513773798942566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-rule","display_name":"Learning rule","score":0.5570999383926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5137261152267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4802599251270294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46565869450569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39216065406799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.369029700756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3290644586086273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3219677805900574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.806516170501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7368481755256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6513773798942566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779127903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510194","display_name":"Learning rule","level":3,"score":0.5570999383926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5137261152267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4802599251270294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46565869450569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39216065406799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.369029700756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3290644586086273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3219677805900574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167865595000869","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/099ffe2d-8791-4470-b20e-724db31e398d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/099ffe2d-8791-4470-b20e-724db31e398d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spreeuwers, L J 1995, 'Training Neural Networks for minimum average risk with a special application to context dependent learning', Pattern recognition letters, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 1221-1236. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00086-9","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167865595000869","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2057836354.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2057836354.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180778186","https://openalex.org/W1538765405","https://openalex.org/W1541809336","https://openalex.org/W1587362683","https://openalex.org/W1701316778","https://openalex.org/W1931331518","https://openalex.org/W2049066061","https://openalex.org/W2053591567","https://openalex.org/W2086233260","https://openalex.org/W2096044547","https://openalex.org/W2128451237","https://openalex.org/W2133671888","https://openalex.org/W2155530592","https://openalex.org/W2155926252","https://openalex.org/W2157107461","https://openalex.org/W2160208155","https://openalex.org/W2737864019","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W3207342693","https://openalex.org/W6632199387","https://openalex.org/W6635036808","https://openalex.org/W6640493039","https://openalex.org/W6682610290","https://openalex.org/W6683096151","https://openalex.org/W6683354787","https://openalex.org/W6741109382","https://openalex.org/W6793282213","https://openalex.org/W6793305783","https://openalex.org/W7074619476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2894173309","https://openalex.org/W4387932263","https://openalex.org/W2157746493","https://openalex.org/W2371065793","https://openalex.org/W4323655119","https://openalex.org/W4322621208","https://openalex.org/W4367190755","https://openalex.org/W4375846521","https://openalex.org/W2096446968","https://openalex.org/W134701156"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
