{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095147498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00031-b","title":"Preclassification of handwritten Chinese characters based on basic stroke substructures","display_name":"Preclassification of handwritten Chinese characters based on basic stroke substructures","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095147498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00031-b","mag":"2095147498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-8655(95)00031-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00031-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112314799","display_name":"Rei-Heng Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3759-4143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rei-Heng Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050","Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050482107","display_name":"Chi\u2010Wei Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8349-4952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Wei Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050","Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055225617","display_name":"Zen Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050","Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055225617"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7863,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86070165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"1023","last_page":"1032"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.7434074878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-characters","display_name":"Chinese characters","score":0.6746393442153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6426639556884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6362506747245789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-encoding","display_name":"Character encoding","score":0.6348495483398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.5754228234291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4766974151134491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4605153799057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4595003128051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4205312728881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4046154320240021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19286367297172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.04616338014602661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7434074878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8201","display_name":"Chinese characters","level":2,"score":0.6746393442153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6426639556884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6362506747245789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32717103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184759","display_name":"Character encoding","level":3,"score":0.6348495483398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.5754228234291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4766974151134491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4605153799057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4595003128051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4205312728881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4046154320240021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19286367297172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.04616338014602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-8655(95)00031-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(95)00031-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973418437","https://openalex.org/W1978806001","https://openalex.org/W1996505263","https://openalex.org/W1997057359","https://openalex.org/W2049970057","https://openalex.org/W2061025479","https://openalex.org/W2067715991","https://openalex.org/W2069158837","https://openalex.org/W2069793726","https://openalex.org/W2124978756","https://openalex.org/W2140707045","https://openalex.org/W2141316121","https://openalex.org/W2414303186","https://openalex.org/W6680755876","https://openalex.org/W6680807820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982751266","https://openalex.org/W2357953719","https://openalex.org/W2385192443","https://openalex.org/W2383960131","https://openalex.org/W2380164763","https://openalex.org/W2381493610","https://openalex.org/W2392408175","https://openalex.org/W2892704491","https://openalex.org/W2391760175","https://openalex.org/W2356947934"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
