{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1550213746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6423(95)00010-0","title":"A theory of primitive objects","display_name":"A theory of primitive objects","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1550213746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6423(95)00010-0","mag":"1550213746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-6423(95)00010-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6423(95)00010-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21029587","display_name":"Science of Computer Programming","issn_l":"0167-6423","issn":["0167-6423","1872-7964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of Computer Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109387322","display_name":"Mart\u0131\u0301n Abadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mart\u00edn Abadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Equipment Corporation, Systems Research Center, 130 Lytton Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94301-1044, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Equipment Corporation, Systems Research Center, 130 Lytton Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94301-1044, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013220584","display_name":"Luca Cardelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8705-8488"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Cardelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Equipment Corporation, Systems Research Center, 130 Lytton Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94301-1044, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Equipment Corporation, Systems Research Center, 130 Lytton Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94301-1044, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109387322"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2460},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.7012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98995157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2-3","first_page":"81","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8323800563812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtyping","display_name":"Subtyping","score":0.8288695812225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recursion","display_name":"Recursion (computer science)","score":0.7045888900756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.6208674311637878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.5634853839874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type","display_name":"Type (biology)","score":0.5443590879440308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.488839328289032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.48777419328689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-theory","display_name":"Type theory","score":0.4222468435764313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.42158204317092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3344349265098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1747719943523407}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8323800563812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83852419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2713292","display_name":"Subtyping","level":2,"score":0.8288695812225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264164","display_name":"Recursion (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7045888900756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.6208674311637878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.5634853839874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5443590879440308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.488839328289032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.48777419328689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93682546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056428","display_name":"Type theory","level":3,"score":0.4222468435764313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.42158204317092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3344349265098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1747719943523407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-6423(95)00010-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6423(95)00010-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S21029587","display_name":"Science of Computer Programming","issn_l":"0167-6423","issn":["0167-6423","1872-7964"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of Computer Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.187.4905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.187.4905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://lucacardelli.name/Talks/1994-05%20A%20Theory%20of%20Primitive%20Objects%20%28ESOP%29.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.38.955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.38.955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.digital.fr/pub/DEC/SRC/personal/luca/PrimObj.ps.Z","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4861723","https://openalex.org/W159715351","https://openalex.org/W221670187","https://openalex.org/W1508704254","https://openalex.org/W1513579486","https://openalex.org/W1543404920","https://openalex.org/W1563488194","https://openalex.org/W1595372275","https://openalex.org/W1984807151","https://openalex.org/W2027657506","https://openalex.org/W2046079722","https://openalex.org/W2090415524","https://openalex.org/W2095988676","https://openalex.org/W2105126759","https://openalex.org/W2113239150","https://openalex.org/W2116312647","https://openalex.org/W2119857670","https://openalex.org/W2139325027","https://openalex.org/W2145459199","https://openalex.org/W2149545675","https://openalex.org/W2161825580","https://openalex.org/W2165657834","https://openalex.org/W2169366145","https://openalex.org/W2179972501","https://openalex.org/W2597834528","https://openalex.org/W6630571549","https://openalex.org/W6633743831","https://openalex.org/W6635495208","https://openalex.org/W6655940369","https://openalex.org/W6673650118","https://openalex.org/W6674612550","https://openalex.org/W6675462641","https://openalex.org/W6676657844","https://openalex.org/W6677270339","https://openalex.org/W6682301713","https://openalex.org/W6684155884","https://openalex.org/W6684447586"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532335840","https://openalex.org/W4255989308","https://openalex.org/W1977820295","https://openalex.org/W4243252198","https://openalex.org/W4312717850","https://openalex.org/W2763815264","https://openalex.org/W1616475887","https://openalex.org/W2911376640","https://openalex.org/W2898556184","https://openalex.org/W2006815135"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
