{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985138764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6393(95)00020-o","title":"Discriminating observation probability (DOP) HMM for speaker verification","display_name":"Discriminating observation probability (DOP) HMM for speaker verification","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985138764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6393(95)00020-o","mag":"1985138764"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-6393(95)00020-o","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6393(95)00020-o","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086774045","display_name":"M. E. Forsyth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Forsyth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Speech Technology Research (CSTR), University of Edinburgh, 80 South Bridge, Edinburg, EH1 1HN, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Speech Technology Research (CSTR), University of Edinburgh, 80 South Bridge, Edinburg, EH1 1HN, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086774045"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":2870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2870},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10533436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1-2","first_page":"117","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.7733750343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6948302984237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-verification","display_name":"Speaker verification","score":0.6198902130126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6114912033081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41890352964401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-recognition","display_name":"Speaker recognition","score":0.3960230052471161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.382312148809433}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.7733750343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6948302984237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982762665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker verification","level":3,"score":0.6198902130126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6114912033081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41890352964401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133892786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker recognition","level":2,"score":0.3960230052471161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.382312148809433}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-6393(95)00020-o","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6393(95)00020-o","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065414854","https://openalex.org/W2069883713","https://openalex.org/W2084413241","https://openalex.org/W2103897043","https://openalex.org/W2129032780","https://openalex.org/W2164464212","https://openalex.org/W2205387760","https://openalex.org/W3148366653","https://openalex.org/W6666946622","https://openalex.org/W6667688569","https://openalex.org/W6675744317","https://openalex.org/W6678798204","https://openalex.org/W6687791057","https://openalex.org/W7062062488"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136763963","https://openalex.org/W2372178361","https://openalex.org/W2109705048","https://openalex.org/W2940588515","https://openalex.org/W3184123547","https://openalex.org/W1909151225","https://openalex.org/W2160030256","https://openalex.org/W2150532155","https://openalex.org/W1516392727","https://openalex.org/W2140022733"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}