{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091694970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6377(94)90084-1","title":"Smoothed perturbation analysis derivative estimation for Markov chains","display_name":"Smoothed perturbation analysis derivative estimation for Markov chains","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091694970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6377(94)90084-1","mag":"2091694970"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-6377(94)90084-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6377(94)90084-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27769002","display_name":"Operations Research Letters","issn_l":"0167-6377","issn":["0167-6377","1872-7468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Operations Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000889975","display_name":"Michael C. Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-4932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael C. Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043647394","display_name":"Jian-Qiang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2989-8048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Qiang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA","Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000889975"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":2760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2760},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9013267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"5","first_page":"241","last_page":"251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.8028775453567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.717888593673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-theory","display_name":"Queueing theory","score":0.6185632944107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.5973085761070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perturbation","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","score":0.5170879364013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.48280656337738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45613840222358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4441491961479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3398924469947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.21227985620498657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09749078750610352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.8028775453567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.717888593673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.6185632944107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.5973085761070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177918212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q803623","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5170879364013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.48280656337738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45613840222358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4441491961479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3398924469947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21227985620498657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09749078750610352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-6377(94)90084-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6377(94)90084-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27769002","display_name":"Operations Research Letters","issn_l":"0167-6377","issn":["0167-6377","1872-7468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Operations Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972766959","https://openalex.org/W1977417413","https://openalex.org/W1988288472","https://openalex.org/W2010987374","https://openalex.org/W2019339760","https://openalex.org/W2020315611","https://openalex.org/W2043910988","https://openalex.org/W2085640931","https://openalex.org/W2124990715","https://openalex.org/W2159542026","https://openalex.org/W2168462903","https://openalex.org/W6678491666"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W4366700029","https://openalex.org/W4285230481","https://openalex.org/W4385769873","https://openalex.org/W2015759683","https://openalex.org/W4281634296","https://openalex.org/W4319161863","https://openalex.org/W2371687270","https://openalex.org/W4307819175","https://openalex.org/W4311888330"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}