{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023230017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4048(96)00011-9","title":"A collision-free secret ballot protocol for computerized general elections","display_name":"A collision-free secret ballot protocol for computerized general elections","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023230017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4048(96)00011-9","mag":"2023230017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-4048(96)00011-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4048(96)00011-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12529635","display_name":"Computers & Security","issn_l":"0167-4048","issn":["0167-4048","1872-6208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111949840","display_name":"Wen-Shenq Juang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Shenq Juang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075393207","display_name":"Chin\u2010Laung Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-5025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Laung Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Room 246, New Electrical Engineering Building, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075393207"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2906,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89564656,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"339","last_page":"348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballot","display_name":"Ballot","score":0.9173916578292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7048085927963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6729738712310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.5913314819335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5625039339065552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-voting","display_name":"Electronic voting","score":0.5146833062171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.47651994228363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secret-ballot","display_name":"Secret ballot","score":0.46830570697784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independence","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","score":0.4466707706451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.415314257144928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.4101408123970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.22086602449417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.19531500339508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12270379066467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.057310670614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.05616787075996399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777094542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905151","display_name":"Ballot","level":4,"score":0.9173916578292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7048085927963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6729738712310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.5913314819335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5625039339065552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780612046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926161","display_name":"Electronic voting","level":4,"score":0.5146833062171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.47651994228363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30231744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337987","display_name":"Secret ballot","level":5,"score":0.46830570697784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.4466707706451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.415314257144928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4101408123970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.22086602449417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19531500339508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12270379066467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.057310670614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.05616787075996399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0167-4048(96)00011-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4048(96)00011-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12529635","display_name":"Computers & Security","issn_l":"0167-4048","issn":["0167-4048","1872-6208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:140.112.114.62:246246/142109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/142109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402491","display_name":"NTUR (\u81fa\u7063\u6a5f\u69cb\u5178\u85cf)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","host_organization_name":"National Taiwan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:140.112.114.62:246246/154097","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/154097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402491","display_name":"NTUR (\u81fa\u7063\u6a5f\u69cb\u5178\u85cf)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","host_organization_name":"National Taiwan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conference"},{"id":"pmh:oai:140.112.114.62:246246/2006111501254647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/2006111501254647","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402491","display_name":"NTUR (\u81fa\u7063\u6a5f\u69cb\u5178\u85cf)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","host_organization_name":"National Taiwan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39590651","https://openalex.org/W95200881","https://openalex.org/W1164774735","https://openalex.org/W1479744988","https://openalex.org/W1513123357","https://openalex.org/W1531368347","https://openalex.org/W1548580540","https://openalex.org/W1554077020","https://openalex.org/W1558934613","https://openalex.org/W1570270086","https://openalex.org/W1572330878","https://openalex.org/W1838112905","https://openalex.org/W1866697669","https://openalex.org/W1981455414","https://openalex.org/W1992001945","https://openalex.org/W1998402403","https://openalex.org/W2003593381","https://openalex.org/W2087811006","https://openalex.org/W2092422002","https://openalex.org/W2103647628","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2115577803","https://openalex.org/W2156186849","https://openalex.org/W2287961307","https://openalex.org/W2294404229","https://openalex.org/W2401242379","https://openalex.org/W2915470408","https://openalex.org/W3195655790","https://openalex.org/W4214936872","https://openalex.org/W6627948148","https://openalex.org/W6628535285","https://openalex.org/W6630642500","https://openalex.org/W6633462848","https://openalex.org/W6634294981","https://openalex.org/W6634430269","https://openalex.org/W6639210743","https://openalex.org/W6648419577","https://openalex.org/W6656005537","https://openalex.org/W6677431797","https://openalex.org/W6697336266","https://openalex.org/W6712472119"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033355099","https://openalex.org/W2609184814","https://openalex.org/W4247470445","https://openalex.org/W2287483166","https://openalex.org/W3044910261","https://openalex.org/W2019613772","https://openalex.org/W4285182480","https://openalex.org/W2160708112","https://openalex.org/W2363140998","https://openalex.org/W4232734098"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}