{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091773003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90026-k","title":"Graphs whose vertex independence number is unaffected by single edge addition or deletion","display_name":"Graphs whose vertex independence number is unaffected by single edge addition or deletion","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091773003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90026-k","mag":"2091773003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(93)90026-k","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90026-k","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103527176","display_name":"George Gunther","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Gunther","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Sir Wilfred Grenfell College, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, Nfld., Canada A2H 6P9"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Sir Wilfred Grenfell College, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, Nfld., Canada A2H 6P9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052665260","display_name":"Bert L. Hartnell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66890659","display_name":"Saint Mary's University","ror":"https://ror.org/010zh7098","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bert Hartnell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, N.S., Canada B3H 3C3","Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, N.S., Canada B3H 3C3#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, N.S., Canada B3H 3C3","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, N.S., Canada B3H 3C3#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073086838","display_name":"Douglas F. Rall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-756X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86115722","display_name":"Furman University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ytb9n23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86115722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Douglas F. Rall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA","Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86115722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86115722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073086838"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86115722"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0461,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78014506,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"2","first_page":"167","last_page":"172"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10179","display_name":"Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11476","display_name":"Graph theory and applications","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.8287994861602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.7603127956390381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.7258131504058838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.7096332311630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independence-number","display_name":"Independence number","score":0.5495327115058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independence","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","score":0.4855015277862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.439565509557724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.43748903274536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.42409494519233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07659736275672913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.07046759128570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.05207177996635437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.8287994861602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.7603127956390381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.7258131504058838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.7096332311630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984853995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060343","display_name":"Independence number","level":3,"score":0.5495327115058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.4855015277862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.439565509557724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.43748903274536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.42409494519233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07659736275672913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07046759128570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.05207177996635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(93)90026-k","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90026-k","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014928604","https://openalex.org/W2040414111","https://openalex.org/W2063706155","https://openalex.org/W2068079716","https://openalex.org/W2071361850"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4311883357","https://openalex.org/W2767039348","https://openalex.org/W94411513","https://openalex.org/W2377770720","https://openalex.org/W2113626999","https://openalex.org/W160889949","https://openalex.org/W2364696089","https://openalex.org/W309910862","https://openalex.org/W72870998","https://openalex.org/W1973053550"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
