{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2113586064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90014-f","title":"A primal dual integer programming algorithm","display_name":"A primal dual integer programming algorithm","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2113586064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90014-f","mag":"2113586064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(93)90014-f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90014-f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045148793","display_name":"Donna Llewellyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0933-3074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donna C. Llewellyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103262911","display_name":"Jennifer K. Ryan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8045-8614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Ryan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA","[Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103262911"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22874457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"3","first_page":"261","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14500","display_name":"Advanced Mathematical Theories","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2610","display_name":"Mathematical Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7588528394699097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.7563705444335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.5953567624092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5908589363098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5857871770858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5081229209899902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.47637197375297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.43348419666290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.17271023988723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.04963389039039612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7588528394699097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.7563705444335938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5953567624092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5908589363098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5857871770858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5081229209899902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.47637197375297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.43348419666290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17271023988723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.04963389039039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(93)90014-f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90014-f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W132826041","https://openalex.org/W203855694","https://openalex.org/W288256330","https://openalex.org/W1604158939","https://openalex.org/W1963547452","https://openalex.org/W1993746545","https://openalex.org/W2008131758","https://openalex.org/W2009683816","https://openalex.org/W2027551342","https://openalex.org/W2059608229","https://openalex.org/W2068913356","https://openalex.org/W2073850477","https://openalex.org/W2075451161","https://openalex.org/W2080875922","https://openalex.org/W2113011069","https://openalex.org/W2123805664","https://openalex.org/W2145243417","https://openalex.org/W2166789519","https://openalex.org/W4233756358","https://openalex.org/W4246060548","https://openalex.org/W4248550585","https://openalex.org/W4296259008","https://openalex.org/W4301808069","https://openalex.org/W6605396470","https://openalex.org/W6676903286"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1925942709","https://openalex.org/W2047683846","https://openalex.org/W2044902158","https://openalex.org/W2082154838","https://openalex.org/W2109912052","https://openalex.org/W1711527768","https://openalex.org/W4285278887","https://openalex.org/W2995925505","https://openalex.org/W134783735","https://openalex.org/W2365237642"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}