{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2032004016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(92)00172-i","title":"Vehicle routing with split deliveries","display_name":"Vehicle routing with split deliveries","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2032004016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(92)00172-i","mag":"2032004016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(92)00172-i","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(92)00172-i","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012490161","display_name":"Moshe Dror","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133369","display_name":"Decision Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gcvf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moshe Dror","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de recherche sur les transports, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6128, succursale A, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3C 3J7","Decision Sciences, College of Business, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de recherche sur les transports, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6128, succursale A, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3C 3J7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Decision Sciences, College of Business, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243","https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076313841","display_name":"Gilbert Laporte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0869-1507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gilbert Laporte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de recherche sur les transports, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6128, succursale A, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3C 3J7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de recherche sur les transports, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6128, succursale A, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3C 3J7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046358501","display_name":"Pierre Trudeau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Trudeau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ad Opt, 4475 boulevard Saint-Laurent, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H2W 1Z8","Centre de recherche sur les transports, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6128, succursale A, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3C 3J7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ad Opt, 4475 boulevard Saint-Laurent, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H2W 1Z8","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de recherche sur les transports, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, C.P. 6128, succursale A, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada H3C 3J7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076313841"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":245,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7940613,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"3","first_page":"239","last_page":"254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.7834624648094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7693765163421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6282951235771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.6176727414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5882418155670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming-relaxation","display_name":"Linear programming relaxation","score":0.5367400050163269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5131055116653442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.5101447701454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/branch-and-bound","display_name":"Branch and bound","score":0.506597638130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4778999090194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/branch-and-cut","display_name":"Branch and cut","score":0.469016969203949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.46483537554740906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.450437068939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.39969518780708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.33594053983688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16705605387687683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.7834624648094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7693765163421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6282951235771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6176727414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5882418155670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25360446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512771","display_name":"Linear programming relaxation","level":3,"score":0.5367400050163269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5131055116653442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.5101447701454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93693863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897659","display_name":"Branch and bound","level":2,"score":0.506597638130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4778999090194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50797617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498566","display_name":"Branch and cut","level":3,"score":0.469016969203949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.46483537554740906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.450437068939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.39969518780708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.33594053983688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16705605387687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(92)00172-i","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(92)00172-i","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558547553","https://openalex.org/W1786863823","https://openalex.org/W2017372614","https://openalex.org/W2029681015","https://openalex.org/W2038583281","https://openalex.org/W2056392154","https://openalex.org/W2058937865","https://openalex.org/W2063838679","https://openalex.org/W2066878540","https://openalex.org/W2104431850","https://openalex.org/W2131338629","https://openalex.org/W2144931885","https://openalex.org/W2399100674","https://openalex.org/W2795679194","https://openalex.org/W2798065807","https://openalex.org/W4247496211","https://openalex.org/W4294358747","https://openalex.org/W6633343919","https://openalex.org/W6712579731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4252122881","https://openalex.org/W2009796757","https://openalex.org/W2769220156","https://openalex.org/W134055995","https://openalex.org/W2008600006","https://openalex.org/W1968202374","https://openalex.org/W2084616826","https://openalex.org/W2941986668","https://openalex.org/W1971357083","https://openalex.org/W4302819359"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}