{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984845663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(86)90084-3","title":"Degeneracy in transportation problems","display_name":"Degeneracy in transportation problems","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984845663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(86)90084-3","mag":"1984845663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(86)90084-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(86)90084-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111577332","display_name":"Ming S. Hung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149910238","display_name":"Kent State University","ror":"https://ror.org/049pfb863","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.S. Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Management, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA","*Graduate School of Management, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Management, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"*Graduate School of Management, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036850199","display_name":"Walter O. Rom","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","display_name":"Cleveland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/002tx1f22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.O. Rom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Quantitative Business Analysis, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Quantitative Business Analysis, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053280460","display_name":"Allan D. Waren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","display_name":"Cleveland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/002tx1f22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.D. Waren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer and Information Science Dept., Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Information Science Dept., Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16668631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2-3","first_page":"223","last_page":"237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degeneracy","display_name":"Degeneracy (biology)","score":0.9647607803344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7044776678085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simplex","display_name":"Simplex","score":0.6484691500663757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polytope","display_name":"Polytope","score":0.6192234754562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5540079474449158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transportation-theory","display_name":"Transportation theory","score":0.5255502462387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simplex-algorithm","display_name":"Simplex algorithm","score":0.5186468958854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.4380953311920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.2441195547580719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777727622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251772","display_name":"Degeneracy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.9647607803344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7044776678085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62438384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331350","display_name":"Simplex","level":2,"score":0.6484691500663757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145691206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747980","display_name":"Polytope","level":2,"score":0.6192234754562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5540079474449158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31829261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929885","display_name":"Transportation theory","level":2,"score":0.5255502462387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144521790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134164","display_name":"Simplex algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5186468958854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4380953311920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.2441195547580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(86)90084-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(86)90084-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W606581564","https://openalex.org/W1490544922","https://openalex.org/W1997116158","https://openalex.org/W2012044979","https://openalex.org/W2056178482","https://openalex.org/W2073264848","https://openalex.org/W2087904554","https://openalex.org/W2127470768","https://openalex.org/W4210706564","https://openalex.org/W6629410722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1642182499","https://openalex.org/W4286870264","https://openalex.org/W2279275934","https://openalex.org/W4304687059","https://openalex.org/W4242784854","https://openalex.org/W2185826091","https://openalex.org/W2048470382","https://openalex.org/W2477407501","https://openalex.org/W2384679317","https://openalex.org/W2963235221"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}