{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047828174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(83)90020-3","title":"NP-completeness of a family of graph-colouring problems","display_name":"NP-completeness of a family of graph-colouring problems","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047828174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(83)90020-3","mag":"2047828174"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(83)90020-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(83)90020-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030437633","display_name":"Robert W. Irving","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I54459138","display_name":"University of Salford","ror":"https://ror.org/01tmqtf75","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert W. Irving","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UKEngland, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UKEngland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030437633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20481184,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"111","last_page":"117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12541","display_name":"Graph Labeling and Dimension Problems","score":0.9542999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.8335404396057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.8141481876373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/np-complete","display_name":"NP-complete","score":0.6255173683166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.5973854064941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5402997732162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4733060896396637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-satisfiability-problem","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","score":0.4621945023536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.34760504961013794}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.8335404396057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.8141481876373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122749075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215206","display_name":"NP-complete","level":3,"score":0.6255173683166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.5973854064941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5402997732162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4733060896396637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6943359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875276","display_name":"Boolean satisfiability problem","level":2,"score":0.4621945023536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.34760504961013794}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(83)90020-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(83)90020-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996675574","https://openalex.org/W2003995429","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2019935404","https://openalex.org/W2025904765","https://openalex.org/W2030087828","https://openalex.org/W2037296716","https://openalex.org/W2054651287","https://openalex.org/W2067368126","https://openalex.org/W2069232717","https://openalex.org/W3143189643","https://openalex.org/W4210698998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983171306","https://openalex.org/W2911941995","https://openalex.org/W1853235153","https://openalex.org/W1661761688","https://openalex.org/W2003979824","https://openalex.org/W1748934212","https://openalex.org/W2062731608","https://openalex.org/W2606468876","https://openalex.org/W2524078459","https://openalex.org/W1828234149"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}