{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025241634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0097-8493(93)90078-n","title":"PIX: An object-oriented network graphics environment","display_name":"PIX: An object-oriented network graphics environment","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025241634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0097-8493(93)90078-n","mag":"2025241634"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0097-8493(93)90078-n","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0097-8493(93)90078-n","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94821547","display_name":"Computers & Graphics","issn_l":"0097-8493","issn":["0097-8493","1873-7684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers &amp; Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075049783","display_name":"Duong Le Huynh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Duong Le Huynh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049792063","display_name":"Morten B. Jensen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morten Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027827012","display_name":"Rolf Larsen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolf Larsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086041438","display_name":"Jonathan Southard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Southard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054014299","display_name":"Y.F. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-2882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y.F. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, CA 93117 USA","Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, CA 93117 USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science,  University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112980017","display_name":"Yulun Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, CA 93117 USA","Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, CA 93117 USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043098552","display_name":"Amante Mangaser","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amante Mangaser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, CA 93117 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, CA 93117 USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075049783"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15951276,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"295","last_page":"304"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14067","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Remote Desktop Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14067","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Remote Desktop Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-portability","display_name":"Software portability","score":0.8429586291313171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7800868153572083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.6866614818572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5961071252822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.5660719275474548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.5303637981414795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2d-computer-graphics","display_name":"2D computer graphics","score":0.5026700496673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-computer-graphics","display_name":"3D computer graphics","score":0.49918651580810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-software","display_name":"Graphics software","score":0.4272240400314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.410497784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computer-graphics","display_name":"Real-time computer graphics","score":0.37047871947288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.24120286107063293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63000827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3080428","display_name":"Software portability","level":2,"score":0.8429586291313171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7800868153572083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.6866614818572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5961071252822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5660719275474548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.5303637981414795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75453227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194763","display_name":"2D computer graphics","level":5,"score":0.5026700496673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66629338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189177","display_name":"3D computer graphics","level":3,"score":0.49918651580810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199016294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868410","display_name":"Graphics software","level":3,"score":0.4272240400314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.410497784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537207887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2816483","display_name":"Real-time computer graphics","level":4,"score":0.37047871947288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.24120286107063293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0097-8493(93)90078-n","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0097-8493(93)90078-n","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94821547","display_name":"Computers & Graphics","issn_l":"0097-8493","issn":["0097-8493","1873-7684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers &amp; Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490482062","https://openalex.org/W1497792766","https://openalex.org/W1555915743","https://openalex.org/W1579278367","https://openalex.org/W1672892557","https://openalex.org/W1988577497","https://openalex.org/W2014770464","https://openalex.org/W2025023257","https://openalex.org/W2049558363","https://openalex.org/W2064332668","https://openalex.org/W2091986315","https://openalex.org/W2116494667","https://openalex.org/W2116532652","https://openalex.org/W2328727230"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492385444","https://openalex.org/W1981336691","https://openalex.org/W2146178029","https://openalex.org/W2040538508","https://openalex.org/W1585708665","https://openalex.org/W2584984551","https://openalex.org/W2388899987","https://openalex.org/W4389064887","https://openalex.org/W2041731020","https://openalex.org/W2353880309"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
