{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2050935012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(92)90146-a","title":"Off-line recognition of handwritten Chinese characters by on-line model-guided matching","display_name":"Off-line recognition of handwritten Chinese characters by on-line model-guided matching","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2050935012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(92)90146-a","mag":"2050935012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0031-3203(92)90146-a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(92)90146-a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041417678","display_name":"Chen-Chiung Hsieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7716-7306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Chiung Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050, Republic of China","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu,Taiwan, 30050, Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050, Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu,Taiwan, 30050, Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027444200","display_name":"Hsi-Jian Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hsi-Jian Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050, Republic of China","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu,Taiwan, 30050, Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050, Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu,Taiwan, 30050, Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027444200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":{"value":2850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2850},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69353272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"11","first_page":"1337","last_page":"1352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.6261797547340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5897449851036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.5800795555114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5543639659881592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5257775783538818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5158926248550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.46000367403030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-characters","display_name":"Chinese characters","score":0.45270252227783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34874391555786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.337303102016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19304412603378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.13293695449829102}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6261797547340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5897449851036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.5800795555114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5543639659881592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5257775783538818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5158926248550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.46000367403030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8201","display_name":"Chinese characters","level":2,"score":0.45270252227783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34874391555786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.337303102016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19304412603378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.13293695449829102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0031-3203(92)90146-a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(92)90146-a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966215606","https://openalex.org/W1977791751","https://openalex.org/W1982659846","https://openalex.org/W2022035875","https://openalex.org/W2038658268","https://openalex.org/W2050182871","https://openalex.org/W2057454530","https://openalex.org/W2058116749","https://openalex.org/W2088162971","https://openalex.org/W2124244430","https://openalex.org/W2414303186","https://openalex.org/W2574967388","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6663107382","https://openalex.org/W6715955479","https://openalex.org/W6731923826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W2391245565","https://openalex.org/W2077406767","https://openalex.org/W1995188412","https://openalex.org/W2128391139","https://openalex.org/W2577364290","https://openalex.org/W1966244124","https://openalex.org/W2786306966","https://openalex.org/W2008343303","https://openalex.org/W2171915408"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}