{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073120894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(87)90055-0","title":"Address location on envelopes","display_name":"Address location on envelopes","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073120894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(87)90055-0","mag":"2073120894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0031-3203(87)90055-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(87)90055-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110264253","display_name":"Pen-Shu Yeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pen-Shu Yeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","University of Maryland, College Park"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, College Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012915644","display_name":"Sergio Antoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4522-7658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Antoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","University of Maryland, College Park"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, College Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066358530","display_name":"Anne Litcher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Litcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","University of Maryland, College Park"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, College Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110520108","display_name":"Azriel Rosenfeld","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Azriel Rosenfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","University of Maryland, College Park"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, College Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110520108"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":2710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9861,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96343115,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"213","last_page":"227"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13270","display_name":"QR Code Applications and Technologies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7736319899559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.7404870986938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envelope","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","score":0.6537160873413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.6113176345825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5366541743278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.5365747213363647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5179373621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.46466314792633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.439453661441803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.4384782910346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3507053852081299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19568276405334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.12156695127487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09356233477592468}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7736319899559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.7404870986938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.6537160873413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6113176345825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5366541743278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5365747213363647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5179373621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.46466314792633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.439453661441803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.4384782910346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3507053852081299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19568276405334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.12156695127487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09356233477592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0031-3203(87)90055-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(87)90055-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500959893","https://openalex.org/W2003370853","https://openalex.org/W2206839515","https://openalex.org/W6630023916","https://openalex.org/W6651155528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393609567","https://openalex.org/W2369369044","https://openalex.org/W1503216044","https://openalex.org/W2354143083","https://openalex.org/W2372906645","https://openalex.org/W4319998713","https://openalex.org/W2366269494","https://openalex.org/W2353650902","https://openalex.org/W2347884623","https://openalex.org/W2361201432"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}