{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040056035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(71)90029-x","title":"Ungrammatical grammar in pattern recognition","display_name":"Ungrammatical grammar in pattern recognition","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040056035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(71)90029-x","mag":"2040056035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0031-3203(71)90029-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(71)90029-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061501252","display_name":"Satosi Watanab\u00e9","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331384533","display_name":"University of Hawaii System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Satosi Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061501252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331384533"],"apc_list":{"value":2710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88252609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"4","first_page":"385","last_page":"408"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9449999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.9405999779701233,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5759344100952148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.5101328492164612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.495307594537735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.47261881828308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4086046814918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.39502638578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.27971014380455017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5759344100952148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.5101328492164612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.495307594537735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.47261881828308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4086046814918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39502638578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.27971014380455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0031-3203(71)90029-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(71)90029-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S414566","display_name":"Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"0031-3203","issn":["0031-3203","1873-5142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1061495","https://openalex.org/W6819711","https://openalex.org/W91488207","https://openalex.org/W109897293","https://openalex.org/W1503526370","https://openalex.org/W1587446455","https://openalex.org/W1630226185","https://openalex.org/W1991960134","https://openalex.org/W2015060138","https://openalex.org/W2016146326","https://openalex.org/W2045031658","https://openalex.org/W2051971320","https://openalex.org/W2070792131","https://openalex.org/W2085089824","https://openalex.org/W2155361504","https://openalex.org/W2157456528","https://openalex.org/W2158240273","https://openalex.org/W2325945350","https://openalex.org/W2329396889","https://openalex.org/W2562885196","https://openalex.org/W2798453649","https://openalex.org/W3035958525","https://openalex.org/W3082515579","https://openalex.org/W4249405967","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6600263859","https://openalex.org/W6603741996","https://openalex.org/W6604509151","https://openalex.org/W6608280181","https://openalex.org/W6635041526","https://openalex.org/W6636652502","https://openalex.org/W6648179222","https://openalex.org/W6683540333"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063575861","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W4306742369","https://openalex.org/W4303457083","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2130654837","https://openalex.org/W3213721558","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336","https://openalex.org/W3192589309"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}