{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048768180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0000(87)90010-9","title":"A lower bound for read-once-only branching programs","display_name":"A lower bound for read-once-only branching programs","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048768180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0000(87)90010-9","mag":"2048768180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0022-0000(87)90010-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0000(87)90010-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141020589","display_name":"Journal of Computer and System Sciences","issn_l":"0022-0000","issn":["0022-0000","1090-2724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer and System Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014978503","display_name":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Babai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-685X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["HU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Babai","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois and E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois and E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084704741","display_name":"Peter I. Hajnal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-233X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["HU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P\u00e9ter Hajnal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois and E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois and E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110644008","display_name":"Endre Szemer\u00e9di","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7597260","display_name":"Hungarian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02ks8qq67","country_code":"HU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7597260"]}],"countries":["HU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Endre Szemer\u00e9di","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois and Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois and Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7597260","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109457644","display_name":"Gy\u00f6rgy Tur\u00e1n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7597260","display_name":"Hungarian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02ks8qq67","country_code":"HU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7597260"]}],"countries":["HU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gy\u00f6rgy Tur\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hungarian Academy of Sciencez, Szeged, Hungary","University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hungarian Academy of Sciencez, Szeged, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7597260"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2520,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2520},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18502709,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"2","first_page":"153","last_page":"162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.7295540571212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-function","display_name":"Boolean function","score":0.6523800492286682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.646155595779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/branching","display_name":"Branching (polymer chemistry)","score":0.6012192964553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5668768882751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4927356541156769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parity-function","display_name":"Parity function","score":0.49133816361427307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4912664294242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parity","display_name":"Parity (physics)","score":0.44349685311317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4215508997440338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3417453169822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-expression","display_name":"Boolean expression","score":0.1252211332321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07286304235458374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.7295540571212769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187455244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942353","display_name":"Boolean function","level":2,"score":0.6523800492286682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.646155595779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206175624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595731","display_name":"Branching (polymer chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6012192964553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5668768882751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4927356541156769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188183281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2898309","display_name":"Parity function","level":4,"score":0.49133816361427307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4912664294242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777151079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141160","display_name":"Parity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44349685311317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4215508997440338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3417453169822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158465420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1979515","display_name":"Boolean expression","level":3,"score":0.1252211332321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07286304235458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0022-0000(87)90010-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0000(87)90010-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141020589","display_name":"Journal of Computer and System Sciences","issn_l":"0022-0000","issn":["0022-0000","1090-2724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer and System Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109768277","https://openalex.org/W1528304975","https://openalex.org/W1533538517","https://openalex.org/W1569752386","https://openalex.org/W1584887677","https://openalex.org/W2006787007","https://openalex.org/W2012476164","https://openalex.org/W2044036185","https://openalex.org/W2045924252","https://openalex.org/W2052404100","https://openalex.org/W2097859771","https://openalex.org/W2099251677","https://openalex.org/W2157649851","https://openalex.org/W2162199822","https://openalex.org/W2493459998","https://openalex.org/W4298414065","https://openalex.org/W6631717399","https://openalex.org/W6651766265","https://openalex.org/W6661789815","https://openalex.org/W6661988143","https://openalex.org/W6674648497"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3212703233","https://openalex.org/W2003722472","https://openalex.org/W2379318067","https://openalex.org/W2106622045","https://openalex.org/W2136871609","https://openalex.org/W2374311587","https://openalex.org/W2999312112","https://openalex.org/W4301915461","https://openalex.org/W2340850974","https://openalex.org/W2405110775"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}