{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981781141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0271(72)90011-3","title":"Information science: On the structure of its problems","display_name":"Information science: On the structure of its problems","publication_year":1972,"publication_date":"1972-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981781141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0271(72)90011-3","mag":"1981781141"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0020-0271(72)90011-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0271(72)90011-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S817957","display_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","issn_l":"0020-0271","issn":["0020-0271","1878-4089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053767623","display_name":"Werner H. Kunz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6264-183X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Werner Kunz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Studiengruppe f\u00fcr Systemforschung, Heidelberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Studiengruppe f\u00fcr Systemforschung, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053676175","display_name":"Horst W. J. Rittel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Horst W.J. Rittel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A","University of California Berkeley, California U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Berkeley, California U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053767623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28315412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"95","last_page":"98"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14345","display_name":"Scientific Research and Philosophical Inquiry","score":0.6506999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14345","display_name":"Scientific Research and Philosophical Inquiry","score":0.6506999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.6187000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12667","display_name":"Economic and Technological Developments in Russia","score":0.5774000287055969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6511434316635132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.547808051109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.5321955680847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.5045465230941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-science","display_name":"Information science","score":0.4392920732498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3604673147201538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1553466022014618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07808193564414978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6511434316635132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.547808051109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5321955680847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.5045465230941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95831776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16387","display_name":"Information science","level":2,"score":0.4392920732498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3604673147201538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1553466022014618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07808193564414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0020-0271(72)90011-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0271(72)90011-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S817957","display_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","issn_l":"0020-0271","issn":["0020-0271","1878-4089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503216044","https://openalex.org/W2393609567","https://openalex.org/W2369369044","https://openalex.org/W2354143083","https://openalex.org/W2372906645","https://openalex.org/W4319998713","https://openalex.org/W2366269494","https://openalex.org/W2353650902","https://openalex.org/W2347884623","https://openalex.org/W2809402499"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
