{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2080507585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(91)90038-j","title":"The effective entropies of some extensions of context-free languages","display_name":"The effective entropies of some extensions of context-free languages","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2080507585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(91)90038-j","mag":"2080507585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0020-0190(91)90038-j","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(91)90038-j","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147953040","display_name":"Information Processing Letters","issn_l":"0020-0190","issn":["0020-0190","1872-6119"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109048685","display_name":"Dung T. Huynh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dung T. Huynh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Program, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA","Computer Science Program, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Program, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Program, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109048685"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22328366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"3","first_page":"165","last_page":"169"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5579958558082581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5384016633033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.4280667006969452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.4242340326309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-language","display_name":"Context-free language","score":0.41128405928611755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.37622734904289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2893030643463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.15646201372146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13054364919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0964774489402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.08671972155570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.05570662021636963}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5579958558082581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5384016633033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.4280667006969452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4242340326309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198838072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729271","display_name":"Context-free language","level":3,"score":0.41128405928611755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.37622734904289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2893030643463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.15646201372146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13054364919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0964774489402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.08671972155570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.05570662021636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0020-0190(91)90038-j","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(91)90038-j","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147953040","display_name":"Information Processing Letters","issn_l":"0020-0190","issn":["0020-0190","1872-6119"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Processing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1859552527","https://openalex.org/W2027501230","https://openalex.org/W2056449710","https://openalex.org/W2061106457","https://openalex.org/W2061759138","https://openalex.org/W2073879013","https://openalex.org/W2089404573","https://openalex.org/W2090186532","https://openalex.org/W2112812551","https://openalex.org/W2147091916","https://openalex.org/W6666817650"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2980963558","https://openalex.org/W2002282073","https://openalex.org/W1882246857","https://openalex.org/W3103304230","https://openalex.org/W2185360082","https://openalex.org/W1992365905","https://openalex.org/W4287664878","https://openalex.org/W3212023493","https://openalex.org/W1991411408","https://openalex.org/W2078131135"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}