{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982250059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(94)90212-7","title":"Self-tuning PI-PID regulators for stable systems with varying delay","display_name":"Self-tuning PI-PID regulators for stable systems with varying delay","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982250059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(94)90212-7","mag":"1982250059"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0005-1098(94)90212-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(94)90212-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51360982","display_name":"Automatica","issn_l":"0005-1098","issn":["0005-1098","1873-2836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011799807","display_name":"Alberto Leva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2165-2078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Leva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Electtronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Electtronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040240007","display_name":"C. Maffezzoni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Maffezzoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Electtronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Electtronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010643637","display_name":"Riccardo Scattolini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-9921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Scattolini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Electtronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Electtronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010643637"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.791,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96665409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"7","first_page":"1171","last_page":"1183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14083","display_name":"Extremum Seeking Control Systems","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller","display_name":"PID controller","score":0.8530541658401489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7946790456771851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulator","display_name":"Regulator","score":0.7779046297073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.4612080156803131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4148113429546356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pi","display_name":"Pi","score":0.41022202372550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4021270275115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3889305293560028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3369578421115875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3316763639450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21663153171539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.08756792545318604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.8530541658401489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7946790456771851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6929976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771881","display_name":"Regulator","level":3,"score":0.7779046297073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4612080156803131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4148113429546356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53009064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167","display_name":"Pi","level":2,"score":0.41022202372550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4021270275115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3889305293560028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3369578421115875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3316763639450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21663153171539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.08756792545318604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0005-1098(94)90212-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(94)90212-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51360982","display_name":"Automatica","issn_l":"0005-1098","issn":["0005-1098","1873-2836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/520253","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/520253","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39841864","https://openalex.org/W105751747","https://openalex.org/W152659524","https://openalex.org/W1499871894","https://openalex.org/W1569320505","https://openalex.org/W1973870527","https://openalex.org/W1982268485","https://openalex.org/W1985163295","https://openalex.org/W2028362276","https://openalex.org/W2044963028","https://openalex.org/W2051783163","https://openalex.org/W2056091745","https://openalex.org/W2069484480","https://openalex.org/W2073012112","https://openalex.org/W2082208983","https://openalex.org/W2142402591","https://openalex.org/W2165245058","https://openalex.org/W2342772025","https://openalex.org/W2542498933","https://openalex.org/W2623785075","https://openalex.org/W2639011478","https://openalex.org/W2679495168","https://openalex.org/W4251210218","https://openalex.org/W4253024612","https://openalex.org/W6606215682","https://openalex.org/W6629725188","https://openalex.org/W6645829534","https://openalex.org/W6684746662","https://openalex.org/W6740113363","https://openalex.org/W6740391987","https://openalex.org/W7055798577"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W100717968","https://openalex.org/W2608660837","https://openalex.org/W4313892589","https://openalex.org/W2374019018","https://openalex.org/W1986326092","https://openalex.org/W2022674298","https://openalex.org/W1992402462","https://openalex.org/W2033354325","https://openalex.org/W2022616255","https://openalex.org/W2075816533"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}