{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2488324601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(79)90065-7","title":"Electric arc furnace modelling and control","display_name":"Electric arc furnace modelling and control","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2488324601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(79)90065-7","mag":"2488324601"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0005-1098(79)90065-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(79)90065-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51360982","display_name":"Automatica","issn_l":"0005-1098","issn":["0005-1098","1873-2836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105466125","display_name":"S.A. Billings","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S.A. Billings","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045166071","display_name":"Frank Boland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9599-5244"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F.M. Boland","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026539879","display_name":"H. Nicholson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8964-0607"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Nicholson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105466125"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40222378,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"137","last_page":"148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11126","display_name":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11126","display_name":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10188","display_name":"Advanced machining processes and optimization","score":0.9046000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7092008590698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-arc-furnace","display_name":"Electric arc furnace","score":0.6787452697753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.5841319561004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5058331489562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4999573230743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.4881814122200012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.47186750173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.45062166452407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.44411879777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.39983728528022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29109954833984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.15520071983337402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.13406631350517273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7092008590698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199948506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650993","display_name":"Electric arc furnace","level":2,"score":0.6787452697753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.5841319561004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5058331489562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4999573230743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.4881814122200012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.47186750173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.45062166452407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.44411879777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.39983728528022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29109954833984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.15520071983337402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.13406631350517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0005-1098(79)90065-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(79)90065-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51360982","display_name":"Automatica","issn_l":"0005-1098","issn":["0005-1098","1873-2836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatica","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33158570","https://openalex.org/W1488420340","https://openalex.org/W2016905276","https://openalex.org/W2038050847","https://openalex.org/W2071752636","https://openalex.org/W2086075552","https://openalex.org/W2087685903","https://openalex.org/W2120500769","https://openalex.org/W2126254031","https://openalex.org/W2224116661","https://openalex.org/W2402142212","https://openalex.org/W2574498055","https://openalex.org/W2577588639","https://openalex.org/W3010217989","https://openalex.org/W3173385838","https://openalex.org/W6678699650","https://openalex.org/W6689136373","https://openalex.org/W6731624027","https://openalex.org/W6774704355","https://openalex.org/W7052290053"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W1970611213","https://openalex.org/W1707372784","https://openalex.org/W2096006843"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}