{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992863494","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(93)90187-g","title":"Prototypical knowledge for expert systems: a retrospective analysis","display_name":"Prototypical knowledge for expert systems: a retrospective analysis","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992863494","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(93)90187-g","mag":"1992863494"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0004-3702(93)90187-g","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(93)90187-g","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003399263","display_name":"Jan S. Aikins","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan S. Aikins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinzic Corporation, 101 University, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinzic Corporation, 101 University, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003399263"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3670},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6731,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84807825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"1-2","first_page":"207","last_page":"211"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.6468999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.6468999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.5604000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6131951808929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.5778138637542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3934214413166046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6131951808929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.5778138637542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3934214413166046}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0004-3702(93)90187-g","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(93)90187-g","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076631991"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2389542812","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2381894592","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2030629278","https://openalex.org/W4235667779","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}