{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008294142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(89)90068-4","title":"On the relationship between circumscription and negation as failure","display_name":"On the relationship between circumscription and negation as failure","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008294142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(89)90068-4","mag":"2008294142"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0004-3702(89)90068-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(89)90068-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029745883","display_name":"Michael Gelfond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-3092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Gelfond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, U.S.A","University of Texas-El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas-El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049254650","display_name":"Halina Przymusinska","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halina Przymusinska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, U.S.A","University of Texas-El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas-El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112745453","display_name":"Teodor C. Przymusi\u0144ski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teodor Przymusinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, U.S.A","University of Texas-El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas-El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029745883"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"apc_list":{"value":3670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3670},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.7672,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99320334,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"1","first_page":"75","last_page":"94"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circumscription","display_name":"Circumscription","score":0.9420192241668701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation","display_name":"Negation","score":0.8622120022773743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation-as-failure","display_name":"Negation as failure","score":0.8582369089126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5958818793296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-monotonic-logic","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","score":0.5739102363586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.49327772855758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.4535459280014038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45000317692756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.41629648208618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39254647493362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.3547680974006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3247586488723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoepistemic-logic","display_name":"Autoepistemic logic","score":0.25205183029174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2137218415737152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.19074127078056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/description-logic","display_name":"Description logic","score":0.14796540141105652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-logic","display_name":"Multimodal logic","score":0.11141905188560486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62360110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96777007","display_name":"Circumscription","level":2,"score":0.9420192241668701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.8622120022773743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194146651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119400","display_name":"Negation as failure","level":5,"score":0.8582369089126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5958818793296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.5739102363586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.49327772855758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4535459280014038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45000317692756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41629648208618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39254647493362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.3547680974006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3247586488723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3845977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826262","display_name":"Autoepistemic logic","level":4,"score":0.25205183029174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2137218415737152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.19074127078056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102993220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387196","display_name":"Description logic","level":2,"score":0.14796540141105652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203659156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934805","display_name":"Multimodal logic","level":3,"score":0.11141905188560486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0004-3702(89)90068-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(89)90068-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101701348","https://openalex.org/W122792349","https://openalex.org/W189317106","https://openalex.org/W197257577","https://openalex.org/W1496815773","https://openalex.org/W1526625950","https://openalex.org/W1541434994","https://openalex.org/W1541540802","https://openalex.org/W1582573023","https://openalex.org/W1766332311","https://openalex.org/W1966552757","https://openalex.org/W1982644464","https://openalex.org/W1996347293","https://openalex.org/W1998162300","https://openalex.org/W1998363560","https://openalex.org/W2000141049","https://openalex.org/W2003531456","https://openalex.org/W2004352874","https://openalex.org/W2009976639","https://openalex.org/W2039303449","https://openalex.org/W2041706386","https://openalex.org/W2058656940","https://openalex.org/W2065555531","https://openalex.org/W2090825759","https://openalex.org/W2105486835","https://openalex.org/W2108911687","https://openalex.org/W2111353076","https://openalex.org/W2127659271","https://openalex.org/W2143659798","https://openalex.org/W2155322595","https://openalex.org/W2169602487","https://openalex.org/W2173808493","https://openalex.org/W2201311975","https://openalex.org/W2411085520","https://openalex.org/W2911298501","https://openalex.org/W2913309218","https://openalex.org/W2914420026","https://openalex.org/W2945259913","https://openalex.org/W6607961879","https://openalex.org/W6629850417","https://openalex.org/W6631188490","https://openalex.org/W6631502828","https://openalex.org/W6638065767","https://openalex.org/W6653036898","https://openalex.org/W6672995036","https://openalex.org/W6675925439","https://openalex.org/W6676668875","https://openalex.org/W6678996159","https://openalex.org/W6687590304","https://openalex.org/W6757884169","https://openalex.org/W6759285401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214701509","https://openalex.org/W4212824748","https://openalex.org/W1596105581","https://openalex.org/W205822604","https://openalex.org/W2034442203","https://openalex.org/W134813623","https://openalex.org/W2100937798","https://openalex.org/W1609266027","https://openalex.org/W2345436263","https://openalex.org/W194413726"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}