{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987027398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(77)90020-0","title":"Understanding image intensities","display_name":"Understanding image intensities","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987027398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(77)90020-0","mag":"1987027398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0004-3702(77)90020-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(77)90020-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080970223","display_name":"Berthold K. P. Horn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Berthold K.P. Horn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A","Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080970223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":{"value":3670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3670},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.769,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":696,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99166667,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"201","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/huffman-coding","display_name":"Huffman coding","score":0.7207788228988647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6993961930274963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6629183292388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5977181792259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5801985263824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5598966479301453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5203359127044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5011415481567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.41665270924568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33282607793807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1174875795841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.11162674427032471}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46900642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2647","display_name":"Huffman coding","level":3,"score":0.7207788228988647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6993961930274963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6629183292388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5977181792259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5801985263824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5598966479301453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5203359127044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5011415481567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.41665270924568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33282607793807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1174875795841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.11162674427032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0004-3702(77)90020-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(77)90020-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196139623","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0004-3702","issn":["0004-3702","1872-7921"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.66.3928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.66.3928","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://people.csail.mit.edu/people/bkph/papers/Understanding_Image_Intensities.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34885787","https://openalex.org/W325088472","https://openalex.org/W1513633542","https://openalex.org/W1797835754","https://openalex.org/W1907649404","https://openalex.org/W1966083741","https://openalex.org/W2050503782","https://openalex.org/W2122585444","https://openalex.org/W2137788315","https://openalex.org/W2226203661","https://openalex.org/W2973948937","https://openalex.org/W3005634672","https://openalex.org/W6601424136","https://openalex.org/W6630744482","https://openalex.org/W6630901520","https://openalex.org/W6638468624","https://openalex.org/W6641694124","https://openalex.org/W6689356173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2358353312","https://openalex.org/W2353836703","https://openalex.org/W41015297","https://openalex.org/W4280645561","https://openalex.org/W3035059915"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
