{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395112055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7","title":"Characterization of geopolymer composites for 3D printing: a microstructure approach","display_name":"Characterization of geopolymer composites for 3D printing: a microstructure approach","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395112055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764568522","display_name":"Innovative Infrastructure Solutions","issn_l":"2364-4176","issn":["2364-4176","2364-4184"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovative Infrastructure Solutions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017658943","display_name":"Passant Youssef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9218-4183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96823368","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Passant Youssef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038919565","display_name":"Muhammad S. El-Feky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143517","display_name":"National Water Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04320xd69","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180606324","https://openalex.org/I4210143517"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad S. El-Feky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103464943","display_name":"Ahmed M. Ragab","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed M. Ragab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037240842","display_name":"Mohamed I. Serag","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed I. Serag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017658943"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":1.5811,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80845981,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10687","display_name":"Innovative concrete reinforcement materials","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metakaolin","display_name":"Metakaolin","score":0.9855467677116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geopolymer","display_name":"Geopolymer","score":0.9317634105682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7538515329360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"Microstructure","score":0.7516912221908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slag","display_name":"Slag (welding)","score":0.6577024459838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.6526362895965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.6253174543380737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.5824040770530701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.5563638210296631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-shortage","display_name":"Economic shortage","score":0.4524690806865692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.17156726121902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement","display_name":"Cement","score":0.14924222230911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10285329818725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"Compressive strength","score":0.0892224907875061}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126292034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4291516","display_name":"Metakaolin","level":3,"score":0.9855467677116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780837464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26462","display_name":"Geopolymer","level":3,"score":0.9317634105682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7538515329360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.7516912221908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159048435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105783","display_name":"Slag (welding)","level":2,"score":0.6577024459838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.6526362895965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6253174543380737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.5824040770530701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5563638210296631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.4524690806865692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.17156726121902466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.14924222230911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10285329818725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.0892224907875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764568522","display_name":"Innovative Infrastructure Solutions","issn_l":"2364-4176","issn":["2364-4176","2364-4184"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovative Infrastructure Solutions","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41062-024-01469-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764568522","display_name":"Innovative Infrastructure Solutions","issn_l":"2364-4176","issn":["2364-4176","2364-4184"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovative Infrastructure Solutions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324575","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4395112055.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4395112055.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W614485874","https://openalex.org/W1536711940","https://openalex.org/W1968023186","https://openalex.org/W1984025219","https://openalex.org/W1991954816","https://openalex.org/W1993016649","https://openalex.org/W1997145451","https://openalex.org/W2030488271","https://openalex.org/W2033190222","https://openalex.org/W2041800797","https://openalex.org/W2063884748","https://openalex.org/W2075013334","https://openalex.org/W2138664833","https://openalex.org/W2146131958","https://openalex.org/W2161001357","https://openalex.org/W2161087373","https://openalex.org/W2170242247","https://openalex.org/W2180597512","https://openalex.org/W4236209072"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2889134430","https://openalex.org/W2347733971","https://openalex.org/W2006870123","https://openalex.org/W3132986740","https://openalex.org/W2363898141","https://openalex.org/W2169116209","https://openalex.org/W3212252655","https://openalex.org/W2955729084","https://openalex.org/W4210284942","https://openalex.org/W3036271570"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Given":[1],"the":[2,13,18,26,46,52,87,92,121],"importance":[3],"of":[4,8,15,28,54,95,118],"geopolymer":[5,38],"in":[6,45],"terms":[7],"3D":[9,47],"printing":[10,48],"performance":[11],"and":[12,58,66,69,73,114,127],"scarcity":[14],"information":[16],"on":[17],"subject,":[19],"as":[20,22],"well":[21],"previous":[23],"research":[24],"findings,":[25],"purpose":[27],"this":[29],"study":[30,77],"is":[31,111,123],"to":[32],"propose":[33],"a":[34],"design":[35],"methodology":[36],"for":[37],"concrete":[39],"mix":[40],"that":[41,79,90],"can":[42,99],"be":[43,100],"used":[44,91],"process":[49],"by":[50,102],"studying":[51],"effect":[53],"fine":[55],"aggregate":[56],"size":[57],"type,":[59],"binder":[60],"type":[61],"(either":[62],"slag":[63],"or":[64],"metakaolin)":[65],"ratio":[67,74],"(slag/metakaolin),":[68],"alkaline":[70],"solution":[71],"amount":[72,94],"(NaOH/Na2SiO3).":[75],"The":[76,105],"concluded":[78],"MK":[80,113],"has":[81],"lower":[82],"fluidity":[83],"than":[84],"BFS":[85],"under":[86],"same":[88,93],"conditions":[89],"SP.":[96],"However,":[97],"it":[98],"improved":[101],"adding":[103],"slag.":[104],"best":[106],"dosage":[107],"was":[108],"chosen,":[109],"which":[110,129],"50%":[112,115],"BFS.":[116],"Because":[117],"these":[119],"proportions,":[120],"mixture":[122],"very":[124],"dense,":[125],"homogeneous":[126],"compact,":[128],"increases":[130],"its":[131],"microstructure":[132],"analysis":[133],"behavior.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
