{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395037636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1","title":"Towards Data- and Compute-Efficient Fake-News Detection: An Approach Combining Active Learning and Pre-Trained Language Models","display_name":"Towards Data- and Compute-Efficient Fake-News Detection: An Approach Combining Active Learning and Pre-Trained Language Models","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395037636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022488945","display_name":"Francesco Folino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-1187"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Folino","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013173651","display_name":"Gianluigi Folino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8139-3445"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluigi Folino","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025844977","display_name":"Massimo Guarascio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7711-9833"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Guarascio","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051833173","display_name":"Luigi Pontieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-0362"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Pontieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004014214","display_name":"Paolo Zicari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-9865"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Zicari","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICAR-CNR, Via P. Bucci, 8/9c, Rende, 87036, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022488945"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":13.9841,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98741389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fake-news","display_name":"Fake news","score":0.8186029195785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6663846373558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.5401685237884521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5070586204528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4817638397216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.4115177392959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.07844862341880798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779756789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28549308","display_name":"Fake news","level":2,"score":0.8186029195785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6663846373558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.5401685237884521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5070586204528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4817638397216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.4115177392959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.07844862341880798}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42979-024-02809-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174798","display_name":"SN Computer Science","issn_l":"2661-8907","issn":["2661-8907","2662-995X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SN Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4395037636.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2742330194","https://openalex.org/W2782896998","https://openalex.org/W2925285378","https://openalex.org/W2926121686","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963952861","https://openalex.org/W2969762015","https://openalex.org/W2982591719","https://openalex.org/W3034457371","https://openalex.org/W3105966348","https://openalex.org/W3128497535","https://openalex.org/W3136363192","https://openalex.org/W3139850432","https://openalex.org/W3152994406","https://openalex.org/W3156800454","https://openalex.org/W3166931231","https://openalex.org/W3201984752","https://openalex.org/W3205626500","https://openalex.org/W3205854703","https://openalex.org/W4206541144","https://openalex.org/W4229026567","https://openalex.org/W4288079542","https://openalex.org/W4307907065","https://openalex.org/W4309478822","https://openalex.org/W4318147777","https://openalex.org/W4321766812","https://openalex.org/W4360602683","https://openalex.org/W4367293666","https://openalex.org/W4382246105","https://openalex.org/W4385338706","https://openalex.org/W6603835181","https://openalex.org/W6632575151"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"today\u2019s":[2],"digital":[3],"era,":[4],"dominated":[5],"by":[6,71],"social":[7],"media":[8],"platforms":[9],"such":[10,38,79],"as":[11],"Twitter":[12],",":[13,15,18],"Facebook":[14],"and":[16,31,84,94,109,175],"Instagram":[17],"the":[19,42,54,129,157],"swift":[20],"dissemination":[21],"of":[22,44,56],"misinformation":[23],"represents":[24],"a":[25,115,120,167],"significant":[26],"concern,":[27],"impacting":[28],"public":[29],"sentiment":[30],"influencing":[32],"pivotal":[33],"global":[34],"events.":[35],"Promptly":[36],"detecting":[37],"deceptive":[39],"content":[40],"with":[41,53,58],"help":[43],"Machine":[45],"Learning":[46,138],"models":[47,75,80],"is":[48,141],"crucial,":[49],"yet":[50],"it":[51],"comes":[52],"challenge":[55],"dealing":[57],"labelled":[59,132,153],"examples":[60],"for":[61,86,107,155],"training":[62,169],"these":[63],"models.":[64],"Impressive":[65],"performance":[66],"results":[67],"were":[68],"recently":[69],"achieved":[70],"high-capacity":[72],"pre-trained":[73],"transformer-based":[74],"(e.g.,":[76],"BERT).":[77],"Still,":[78],"are":[81],"too":[82],"data-":[83],"compute-demanding":[85],"many":[87],"critical":[88],"application":[89],"contexts":[90],"where":[91],"memory,":[92],"time,":[93],"energy":[95],"consumption":[96],"must":[97],"be":[98],"limited.":[99],"Here,":[100],"we":[101],"propose":[102],"an":[103,135],"innovative":[104],"semi-supervised":[105],"method":[106,161],"efficient":[108],"effective":[110],"fake":[111],"news":[112],"detection":[113,164],"using":[114,166],"content-oriented":[116],"classifier":[117],"based":[118],"on":[119,128],"small-sized":[121],"BERT":[122],"embedder.":[123],"After":[124],"fine-tuning":[125],"this":[126],"model":[127],"sole":[130],"few":[131,168],"data":[133,154],"available,":[134],"iterative":[136],"Active":[137],"(AL)":[139],"process":[140],"carried":[142],"out,":[143],"which":[144],"benefits":[145],"from":[146],"limited":[147],"experts\u2019":[148],"feedback":[149],"to":[150],"acquire":[151],"more":[152],"improving":[156],"model.":[158],"The":[159],"proposed":[160],"ensures":[162],"good":[163],"performances":[165],"samples,":[170],"reasonably":[171],"small":[172],"human":[173],"intervention,":[174],"compute/memory":[176],"costs.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
