{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412419598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5","title":"A state-of-the-art review on machine learning techniques for driving behavior analysis: clustering and classification approaches","display_name":"A state-of-the-art review on machine learning techniques for driving behavior analysis: clustering and classification approaches","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412419598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092538348","display_name":"Mohammad Hassan Mobini Seraji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hassan Mobini Seraji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074223541","display_name":"Sami Shaffiee Haghshenas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9301-8677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Shaffiee Haghshenas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043838801","display_name":"Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2859-3920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011658703","display_name":"Vladimir \u0160imi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5709-3744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161052","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/05m1gnk07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["JP","RS","TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Simic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Informatics, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, College of Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, 320315, Taiwan","Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 305, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Informatics, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, College of Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, 320315, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 305, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101712335","display_name":"Dragan Pamucar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-0340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83579964","display_name":"Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University","ror":"https://ror.org/04091f946","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dragan Pamucar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, Gy\u0151r, Hungary"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, Gy\u0151r, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084408557","display_name":"Giuseppe Guido","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-4123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Guido","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064882097","display_name":"Vittorio Astarita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3673-9814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vittorio Astarita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011658703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193","https://openalex.org/I4210161052","https://openalex.org/I99908691"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":4.9998,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9533758,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"9","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6691644787788391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-intelligence","display_name":"Computational intelligence","score":0.621332049369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5710764527320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5518409609794617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5116022229194641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4675285816192627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38498735427856445}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6691644787788391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.621332049369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5710764527320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5518409609794617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5116022229194641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4675285816192627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38498735427856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e12961039de7401b99a975db8d741bc5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e12961039de7401b99a975db8d741bc5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems, Vol 11, Iss 9, Pp 1-28 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-025-01988-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327742","display_name":"Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n Egyetem","ror":"https://ror.org/04091f946"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412419598.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412419598.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":165,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1931305913","https://openalex.org/W2011730299","https://openalex.org/W2019941285","https://openalex.org/W2027006788","https://openalex.org/W2030266234","https://openalex.org/W2035761963","https://openalex.org/W2037623043","https://openalex.org/W2044080979","https://openalex.org/W2047350783","https://openalex.org/W2064991193","https://openalex.org/W2066881519","https://openalex.org/W2068997453","https://openalex.org/W2069536496","https://openalex.org/W2073700338","https://openalex.org/W2074865067","https://openalex.org/W2087529294","https://openalex.org/W2099697766","https://openalex.org/W2110706322","https://openalex.org/W2118023920","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2139203131","https://openalex.org/W2166033392","https://openalex.org/W2199943805","https://openalex.org/W2514520847","https://openalex.org/W2551125611","https://openalex.org/W2551328538","https://openalex.org/W2587674390","https://openalex.org/W2607757716","https://openalex.org/W2610481170","https://openalex.org/W2613334841","https://openalex.org/W2743652019","https://openalex.org/W2746721413","https://openalex.org/W2767118309","https://openalex.org/W2775333681","https://openalex.org/W2781496580","https://openalex.org/W2782227978","https://openalex.org/W2783323062","https://openalex.org/W2791957585","https://openalex.org/W2793233943","https://openalex.org/W2794137295","https://openalex.org/W2794545370","https://openalex.org/W2801185666","https://openalex.org/W2801939048","https://openalex.org/W2808459110","https://openalex.org/W2808463094","https://openalex.org/W2808766325","https://openalex.org/W2809085583","https://openalex.org/W2810613003","https://openalex.org/W2839695880","https://openalex.org/W2892831857","https://openalex.org/W2905239410","https://openalex.org/W2927728038","https://openalex.org/W2948156936","https://openalex.org/W2953938867","https://openalex.org/W2959716684","https://openalex.org/W2962784645","https://openalex.org/W2966200916","https://openalex.org/W2970532630","https://openalex.org/W2971977515","https://openalex.org/W2972445383","https://openalex.org/W2974428748","https://openalex.org/W2975919096","https://openalex.org/W2977145437","https://openalex.org/W2982437619","https://openalex.org/W2996402104","https://openalex.org/W2997352570","https://openalex.org/W2999318905","https://openalex.org/W3001774639","https://openalex.org/W3004687390","https://openalex.org/W3005298575","https://openalex.org/W3005345245","https://openalex.org/W3005464752","https://openalex.org/W3008087294","https://openalex.org/W3012893977","https://openalex.org/W3013709764","https://openalex.org/W3015461837","https://openalex.org/W3021005717","https://openalex.org/W3021018522","https://openalex.org/W3023571914","https://openalex.org/W3027449010","https://openalex.org/W3030245181","https://openalex.org/W3036845693","https://openalex.org/W3037516875","https://openalex.org/W3085404919","https://openalex.org/W3088488573","https://openalex.org/W3095300548","https://openalex.org/W3097982226","https://openalex.org/W3109334963","https://openalex.org/W3111364346","https://openalex.org/W3111855148","https://openalex.org/W3112379500","https://openalex.org/W3128389553","https://openalex.org/W3129622426","https://openalex.org/W3131472765","https://openalex.org/W3134385809","https://openalex.org/W3135201562","https://openalex.org/W3141466727","https://openalex.org/W3150200192","https://openalex.org/W3153085477","https://openalex.org/W3155689816","https://openalex.org/W3159635334","https://openalex.org/W3164421217","https://openalex.org/W3173661232","https://openalex.org/W3174005853","https://openalex.org/W3181274447","https://openalex.org/W3185261591","https://openalex.org/W3189940786","https://openalex.org/W3198398586","https://openalex.org/W3203776324","https://openalex.org/W3205142417","https://openalex.org/W3206461806","https://openalex.org/W3207234002","https://openalex.org/W3212395929","https://openalex.org/W4205359437","https://openalex.org/W4206382210","https://openalex.org/W4206586673","https://openalex.org/W4206637705","https://openalex.org/W4211040998","https://openalex.org/W4214633718","https://openalex.org/W4220757995","https://openalex.org/W4220775061","https://openalex.org/W4221058587","https://openalex.org/W4224986573","https://openalex.org/W4226133823","https://openalex.org/W4280650122","https://openalex.org/W4281481684","https://openalex.org/W4281651535","https://openalex.org/W4283207219","https://openalex.org/W4283369336","https://openalex.org/W4285111908","https://openalex.org/W4291916147","https://openalex.org/W4292261601","https://openalex.org/W4293029218","https://openalex.org/W4293724464","https://openalex.org/W4295088039","https://openalex.org/W4297957988","https://openalex.org/W4313555433","https://openalex.org/W4317033460","https://openalex.org/W4319297857","https://openalex.org/W4319338707","https://openalex.org/W4319663621","https://openalex.org/W4323241322","https://openalex.org/W4323262138","https://openalex.org/W4323796747","https://openalex.org/W4365790281","https://openalex.org/W4377088707","https://openalex.org/W4381185174","https://openalex.org/W4383957133","https://openalex.org/W4386952173","https://openalex.org/W4387212218","https://openalex.org/W4388020635","https://openalex.org/W4388597187","https://openalex.org/W4389502995","https://openalex.org/W4390120065","https://openalex.org/W4390230969","https://openalex.org/W4391097470","https://openalex.org/W4392044348","https://openalex.org/W4393972732","https://openalex.org/W4394595621","https://openalex.org/W4400810536","https://openalex.org/W4402642282","https://openalex.org/W4403625987","https://openalex.org/W4405105599","https://openalex.org/W4405179728","https://openalex.org/W4406888646"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298130764","https://openalex.org/W2804364458","https://openalex.org/W2132641928","https://openalex.org/W4310225030","https://openalex.org/W2090259340","https://openalex.org/W1926736923","https://openalex.org/W2158836806","https://openalex.org/W2393816671","https://openalex.org/W2083665254","https://openalex.org/W2942177010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Smart":[1],"mobility":[2,208],"has":[3,33],"ushered":[4],"in":[5,24,129,186],"advanced":[6],"sensing":[7],"technologies.":[8],"These,":[9],"together":[10],"with":[11,26,91,120],"high\u2011level":[12],"data":[13,158],"analytics,":[14],"are":[15,194],"revolutionizing":[16],"how":[17,151],"we":[18],"analyze":[19,61],"driving":[20,63,157],"behavior.":[21,43],"Excellent":[22],"performance":[23],"dealing":[25],"real-world,":[27],"high-technology":[28],"complexities":[29],"for":[30,169],"machine":[31,53,188],"learning":[32,54,123,189],"made":[34],"wide":[35],"enthusiasm":[36],"to":[37,40,143,198,200],"utilize":[38],"them":[39],"study":[41],"driver":[42],"This":[44],"article":[45],"gives":[46],"a":[47],"thorough":[48],"overview":[49],"of":[50,89,115,207],"the":[51,113],"important":[52],"methods\u2014especially":[55],"clustering":[56,88,116],"and":[57,67,70,85,105,117,125,133,166,171,178,180,184,203],"classification":[58,118],"techniques\u2014that":[59],"help":[60],"complex":[62],"behaviors,":[64],"predict":[65],"fuel":[66],"energy":[68,131],"use,":[69],"improve":[71],"vehicle":[72],"safety":[73],"systems.":[74],"The":[75,196],"review":[76,111],"specifically":[77],"explains":[78],"unsupervised":[79],"methods":[80,153],"like":[81],"fuzzy":[82],"c-means,":[83],"k-means,":[84],"density-based":[86],"spatial":[87],"applications":[90,128],"noise,":[92],"as":[93,95,99],"well":[94],"supervised":[96],"techniques":[97,119],"such":[98],"artificial":[100],"neural":[101],"networks,":[102],"k-nearest":[103],"neighbors,":[104],"support":[106,163],"vector":[107],"machines.":[108],"Also,":[109],"this":[110],"discusses":[112],"integration":[114],"hybrid":[121],"deep":[122],"models,":[124],"examines":[126],"their":[127],"eco-driving,":[130],"forecasting,":[132],"intelligent":[134,191],"transport":[135],"systems":[136,193],"while":[137],"offering":[138],"novel":[139],"findings":[140],"that":[141,162],"contribute":[142],"more":[144,204],"sustainable":[145,205],"mobility.":[146],"Emphasis":[147],"is":[148,209],"placed":[149],"on":[150],"these":[152],"transform":[154],"vast,":[155],"heterogeneous":[156],"into":[159,190],"actionable":[160],"insights":[161],"real-time":[164],"monitoring":[165],"personalized":[167],"feedback":[168],"eco-driving":[170],"smart":[172],"transportation":[173,192],"applications.":[174],"Finally,":[175],"current":[176],"benefits":[177],"barriers,":[179],"future":[181],"research":[182],"opportunities":[183],"challenges":[185],"integrating":[187],"reviewed.":[195],"potential":[197],"advance":[199],"safer,":[201],"better,":[202],"forms":[206],"emphasized.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}