{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205121325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0","title":"Hierarchical clustering for multiple nominal data streams with evolving behaviour","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering for multiple nominal data streams with evolving behaviour","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205121325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025136550","display_name":"Jerry W. Sangma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4739-6818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9523339","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Meghalaya","ror":"https://ror.org/020vd6n84","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9523339"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jerry W. Sangma","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4739-6818","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9523339"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041169101","display_name":"Mekhla Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6374-2584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173093425","display_name":"Chang Gung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d80zx46","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mekhla Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chang Gung University, Guishan, 33302, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chang Gung University, Guishan, 33302, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032054973","display_name":"Vipin Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8157-1379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9523339","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Meghalaya","ror":"https://ror.org/020vd6n84","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9523339"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vipin Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9523339"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Amit Agrawal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wells Fargo & Company, Bengaluru, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wells Fargo & Company, Bengaluru, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037193165","display_name":"Yogita Yogita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6926-9487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9523339","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Meghalaya","ror":"https://ror.org/020vd6n84","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9523339"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yogita","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9523339"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025136550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9523339"],"apc_list":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"apc_paid":{"value":1320,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1619},"fwci":1.8035,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86880788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"1737","last_page":"1761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.850782036781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6833154559135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-mining","display_name":"Data stream mining","score":0.6706066131591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.6639232635498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.6344636678695679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-linkage-clustering","display_name":"Single-linkage clustering","score":0.5955531597137451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-clustering","display_name":"Data stream clustering","score":0.566804051399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-clustering","display_name":"Correlation clustering","score":0.5264076590538025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cure-data-clustering-algorithm","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","score":0.5147066712379456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5025763511657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.46085137128829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistic","display_name":"Statistic","score":0.44600382447242737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merge","display_name":"Merge (version control)","score":0.4295429587364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30918318033218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.242666095495224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.17252975702285767}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.850782036781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6833154559135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89198739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079880","display_name":"Data stream mining","level":2,"score":0.6706066131591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.6639232635498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.6344636678695679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22648726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7523744","display_name":"Single-linkage clustering","level":5,"score":0.5955531597137451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193143536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227360","display_name":"Data stream clustering","level":5,"score":0.566804051399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94641424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172845","display_name":"Correlation clustering","level":3,"score":0.5264076590538025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33704608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014717","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","level":4,"score":0.5147066712379456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5025763511657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.46085137128829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89128539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949963","display_name":"Statistic","level":2,"score":0.44600382447242737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.4295429587364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30918318033218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.242666095495224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17252975702285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40747-021-00634-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035462843","display_name":"Complex & Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2198-6053","issn":["2198-6053","2199-4536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Complex &amp; Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205121325.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205121325.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11887715","https://openalex.org/W35248219","https://openalex.org/W87851538","https://openalex.org/W181999525","https://openalex.org/W182707955","https://openalex.org/W1990990210","https://openalex.org/W2005825070","https://openalex.org/W2007267444","https://openalex.org/W2014615172","https://openalex.org/W2023784161","https://openalex.org/W2028967273","https://openalex.org/W2068714596","https://openalex.org/W2092335550","https://openalex.org/W2100369465","https://openalex.org/W2103012681","https://openalex.org/W2103016999","https://openalex.org/W2113586398","https://openalex.org/W2117487426","https://openalex.org/W2123297508","https://openalex.org/W2128462276","https://openalex.org/W2129630294","https://openalex.org/W2139825270","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2166704317","https://openalex.org/W2170936641","https://openalex.org/W2233362460","https://openalex.org/W2466214382","https://openalex.org/W2468220216","https://openalex.org/W2537240387","https://openalex.org/W2901144298"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160785859","https://openalex.org/W4241767317","https://openalex.org/W3168768270","https://openalex.org/W4200404937","https://openalex.org/W1491908038","https://openalex.org/W4310575853","https://openalex.org/W2362911195","https://openalex.org/W3192757256","https://openalex.org/W4233099250","https://openalex.org/W3197105638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Over":[1],"the":[2,18,87,108,112,119,122,136,140,148,202],"decade,":[3],"a":[4,28,53,57,90,166],"number":[5,29],"of":[6,17,30,42,118,143,147,171,204],"attempts":[7],"have":[8,60],"been":[9,61,95,152,214],"made":[10],"towards":[11],"data":[12,44,50,54,66,74,100,103,113,199],"stream":[13],"clustering,":[14],"but":[15],"most":[16],"works":[19,59],"fall":[20],"under":[21],"clustering":[22,33,41,49,64,92,159,194,208],"by":[23,34],"example":[24],"approach.":[25],"There":[26],"are":[27,70,104,125],"applications":[31],"where":[32,102],"variable":[35],"approach":[36],"is":[37,133],"required":[38],"which":[39],"involves":[40],"multiple":[43,65,99],"streams":[45,67,75,101,114],"as":[46,163,165],"opposed":[47],"to":[48,72,97,129,156],"examples":[51],"in":[52,111,121,169],"stream.":[55],"Furthermore,":[56,201],"few":[58],"presented":[62],"for":[63,196,216],"and":[68,116,154,186,210,219],"these":[69],"applicable":[71],"numeric":[73],"only.":[76],"Hence,":[77],"this":[78],"research":[79,84],"gap":[80],"has":[81,94,151,213],"motivated":[82],"current":[83],"work.":[85],"In":[86],"present":[88],"work,":[89],"hierarchical":[91,123],"technique":[93,150,160,190,195],"proposed":[96,149,189],"cluster":[98],"nominal.":[105],"To":[106],"address":[107],"concept":[109,197,205],"changes":[110],"splitting":[115],"merging":[117],"clusters":[120],"structure":[124,209],"performed.":[126],"The":[127,145,188],"decision":[128],"split":[130],"or":[131],"merge":[132],"based":[134],"on":[135,161,207],"entropy":[137,212],"measure,":[138],"representing":[139],"cluster\u2019s":[141],"degree":[142],"disparity.":[144],"performance":[146],"analysed":[153],"compared":[155],"Agglomerative":[157,192],"Nesting":[158,193],"synthetic":[162],"well":[164],"real-world":[167],"dataset":[168],"terms":[170],"Dunn":[172],"Index,":[173],"Modified":[174],"Hubert":[175],"$$\\varGamma":[176],"$$":[177],"<mml:math":[178],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">":[179],"<mml:mi>\u0393</mml:mi>":[180],"</mml:math>":[181],"statistic,":[182],"Cophenetic":[183],"Correlation":[184],"Coefficient,":[185],"Purity.":[187],"outperforms":[191],"evolving":[198],"streams.":[200],"effect":[203],"evolution":[206],"average":[211],"visualised":[215],"detailed":[217],"analysis":[218],"understanding.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}