{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3158673535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","title":"Probabilistic causes in Markov chains","display_name":"Probabilistic causes in Markov chains","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3158673535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","mag":"3158673535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151239915","display_name":"Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering","issn_l":"1614-5046","issn":["1614-5046","1614-5054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061121873","display_name":"Robin Ziemek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-1433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robin Ziemek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-1433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035546736","display_name":"Jakob Piribauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4829-0476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakob Piribauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023481936","display_name":"Florian Funke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-1550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Funke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003273762","display_name":"Simon Jantsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1692-2408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Jantsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091344667","display_name":"Christel Baier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-9343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christel Baier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061121873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2790},"apc_paid":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2790},"fwci":0.6937,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73845836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"347","last_page":"367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.8136309385299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-thinking","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","score":0.7559316158294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.7406532764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6242040395736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.5131112337112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.46308499574661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.41063395142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39430323243141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26027485728263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2527652084827423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.8136309385299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.7559316158294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.7406532764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6242040395736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5131112337112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46308499574661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.41063395142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39430323243141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26027485728263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2527652084827423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151239915","display_name":"Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering","issn_l":"1614-5046","issn":["1614-5046","1614-5054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:89234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A89234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196312","display_name":"Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3132420320","host_organization_name":"SLUB Dresden","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132420320"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11334-022-00452-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151239915","display_name":"Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering","issn_l":"1614-5046","issn":["1614-5046","1614-5054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1375572575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"390696704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1465285713","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BA-1679/11-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1933938177","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EXC 2050/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3032849772","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TRR 248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3449622045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BA-1679/12-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3962681082","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ID 390696704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4021765181","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2050/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4915074102","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant 389792660","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6819048190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GRK 1763","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G890954746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"389792660","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3158673535.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3158673535.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88434430","https://openalex.org/W125598877","https://openalex.org/W151929830","https://openalex.org/W761508262","https://openalex.org/W944938320","https://openalex.org/W1507039213","https://openalex.org/W1512665799","https://openalex.org/W1522308973","https://openalex.org/W1524018317","https://openalex.org/W1532642937","https://openalex.org/W1557502521","https://openalex.org/W1636554345","https://openalex.org/W1795375859","https://openalex.org/W1814905144","https://openalex.org/W1943678740","https://openalex.org/W1945638812","https://openalex.org/W1962245749","https://openalex.org/W1988501450","https://openalex.org/W2007808908","https://openalex.org/W2011416673","https://openalex.org/W2012639032","https://openalex.org/W2049931818","https://openalex.org/W2052451171","https://openalex.org/W2059442002","https://openalex.org/W2081287319","https://openalex.org/W2084829134","https://openalex.org/W2121167614","https://openalex.org/W2123393305","https://openalex.org/W2130780163","https://openalex.org/W2137407595","https://openalex.org/W2144312323","https://openalex.org/W2167091017","https://openalex.org/W2169870767","https://openalex.org/W2399995426","https://openalex.org/W2401454937","https://openalex.org/W2401795200","https://openalex.org/W2610638821","https://openalex.org/W2733836328","https://openalex.org/W2735692890","https://openalex.org/W2739079067","https://openalex.org/W2912557233","https://openalex.org/W2912935104","https://openalex.org/W2913012649","https://openalex.org/W2962981856","https://openalex.org/W2963095307","https://openalex.org/W3032979343","https://openalex.org/W3089358005","https://openalex.org/W3092714134","https://openalex.org/W3104466988","https://openalex.org/W3184186157","https://openalex.org/W3211017378","https://openalex.org/W4226232501","https://openalex.org/W4236478336","https://openalex.org/W4246219036","https://openalex.org/W4246455455","https://openalex.org/W6603567996"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2761631654","https://openalex.org/W2476247448","https://openalex.org/W4386592913","https://openalex.org/W3158673535","https://openalex.org/W1497573972","https://openalex.org/W2793281072","https://openalex.org/W1544497644","https://openalex.org/W2117053435","https://openalex.org/W4244879671","https://openalex.org/W2035364689"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"By":[1],"combining":[2],"two":[3],"of":[4,8,21,30,33,41,60,107,113,127],"the":[5,34,39,69,83,111,116,125],"central":[6],"paradigms":[7],"causality,":[9],"namely":[10],"counterfactual":[11],"reasoning":[12],"and":[13,123],"probability-raising":[14],",":[15],"we":[16,103],"introduce":[17,104],"a":[18,27,52,58],"probabilistic":[19,35],"notion":[20],"cause":[22,28,99],"in":[23],"Markov":[24],"chains.":[25],"Such":[26],"consists":[29],"finite":[31],"executions":[32],"system":[36,117],"after":[37],"which":[38,98],"probability":[40],"an":[42],"$$\\omega":[43],"$$":[44],"<mml:math":[45],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">":[46],"<mml:mi>\u03c9</mml:mi>":[47],"</mml:math>":[48],"-regular":[49],"effect":[50],"exceeds":[51],"given":[53],"threshold.":[54],"The":[55],"cause,":[56],"as":[57],"set":[59],"executions,":[61],"then":[62],"has":[63],"to":[64,86,96,109],"cover":[65],"all":[66],"behaviors":[67],"exhibiting":[68],"effect.":[70],"With":[71],"these":[72],"properties,":[73],"such":[74],"causes":[75],"can":[76],"be":[77,101],"used":[78],"for":[79],"monitoring":[80],"purposes":[81],"where":[82],"aim":[84],"is":[85],"detect":[87],"faulty":[88],"behavior":[89],"before":[90],"it":[91],"actually":[92],"occurs.":[93],"In":[94],"order":[95],"choose":[97],"should":[100],"computed,":[102],"multiple":[105],"types":[106],"costs":[108],"capture":[110],"consumption":[112],"resources":[114],"by":[115],"or":[118],"monitor":[119],"from":[120],"different":[121],"perspectives,":[122],"study":[124],"complexity":[126],"computing":[128],"cost-minimal":[129],"causes.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}