{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408984251","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-025-06513-y","title":"An explainable SSA-CatBoost machine learning model and application in corporate credit rating: evidence from China","display_name":"An explainable SSA-CatBoost machine learning model and application in corporate credit rating: evidence from China","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408984251","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-025-06513-y"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10479-025-06513-y","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-025-06513-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57667410","display_name":"Annals of Operations Research","issn_l":"0254-5330","issn":["0254-5330","1572-9338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059294968","display_name":"Yang Rui-cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-5509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I228616957","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02311bm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I228616957"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruicheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, No. 150, Beierhuan Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, 010000, Inner Mongolia, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-5509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, No. 150, Beierhuan Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, 010000, Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I228616957"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009398998","display_name":"Pucong Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I228616957","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02311bm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I228616957"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pucong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, No. 150, Beierhuan Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, 010000, Inner Mongolia, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, No. 150, Beierhuan Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, 010000, Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I228616957"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112887955","display_name":"Li Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-9517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926137907","display_name":"Marist College","ror":"https://ror.org/04wx3x242","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926137907"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY, 12601, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY, 12601, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926137907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088429748","display_name":"Yong Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6454-9030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I228616957","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02311bm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I228616957"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Yong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, No. 150, Beierhuan Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, 010000, Inner Mongolia, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, No. 150, Beierhuan Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, 010000, Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I228616957"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059294968"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I228616957"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9105,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95567766,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"354","issue":"1","first_page":"273","last_page":"307"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.916700005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-computation","display_name":"Theory of computation","score":0.7570457458496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.6663356423377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-rating","display_name":"Credit rating","score":0.5389460325241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5302504897117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49758127331733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4210449457168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.33354032039642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuarial-science","display_name":"Actuarial science","score":0.2651185393333435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.13319075107574463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24858836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844718","display_name":"Theory of computation","level":2,"score":0.7570457458496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6663356423377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205208723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372765","display_name":"Credit rating","level":2,"score":0.5389460325241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5302504897117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49758127331733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4210449457168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33354032039642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.2651185393333435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13319075107574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10479-025-06513-y","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-025-06513-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57667410","display_name":"Annals of Operations Research","issn_l":"0254-5330","issn":["0254-5330","1572-9338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Operations Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4068449130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72261028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4529914957","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024SHZR0079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322868","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7725372898","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71761029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322868","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495061682","https://openalex.org/W1846289025","https://openalex.org/W1988474781","https://openalex.org/W2059693241","https://openalex.org/W2062163388","https://openalex.org/W2080690725","https://openalex.org/W2087016914","https://openalex.org/W2090727353","https://openalex.org/W2129888542","https://openalex.org/W2137634615","https://openalex.org/W2186669184","https://openalex.org/W2260771218","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2301363727","https://openalex.org/W2487898712","https://openalex.org/W2618851150","https://openalex.org/W2780157115","https://openalex.org/W2798476254","https://openalex.org/W2809840503","https://openalex.org/W2898227265","https://openalex.org/W2940994176","https://openalex.org/W2962772482","https://openalex.org/W2977917769","https://openalex.org/W2995012791","https://openalex.org/W2998553334","https://openalex.org/W3045004532","https://openalex.org/W3046234331","https://openalex.org/W3081743379","https://openalex.org/W3089669567","https://openalex.org/W3112614053","https://openalex.org/W3124016308","https://openalex.org/W3126720980","https://openalex.org/W3149452572","https://openalex.org/W3186962463","https://openalex.org/W3208090188","https://openalex.org/W4213308398","https://openalex.org/W4251031578","https://openalex.org/W4288079856","https://openalex.org/W4367056742","https://openalex.org/W4378212927","https://openalex.org/W4380320036","https://openalex.org/W4385648981","https://openalex.org/W4385743671","https://openalex.org/W4386385038","https://openalex.org/W4389815641","https://openalex.org/W4390202060","https://openalex.org/W4391269245","https://openalex.org/W4391637234","https://openalex.org/W4391874740","https://openalex.org/W4396529039","https://openalex.org/W4396571649","https://openalex.org/W4400522119","https://openalex.org/W4401091584","https://openalex.org/W4401899102","https://openalex.org/W4403973769","https://openalex.org/W6790587931"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-20T17:24:06.736184","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}