{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2611055803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004930050049","title":"Expanders That Beat the Eigenvalue Bound: Explicit Construction and Applications","display_name":"Expanders That Beat the Eigenvalue Bound: Explicit Construction and Applications","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2611055803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004930050049","mag":"2611055803"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s004930050049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004930050049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72366220","display_name":"COMBINATORICA","issn_l":"0209-9683","issn":["0209-9683","1439-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Combinatorica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039043184","display_name":"Avi Wigderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1539-1417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155092","display_name":"Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computer Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0496n6574","country_code":"CZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202391551","https://openalex.org/I4210155092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799530024","display_name":"ORT Israel","ror":"https://ror.org/010dms986","country_code":"IL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799530024"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["CZ","IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Avi Wigderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Israel, 91904;","Israel, 91904","Institute of Computer Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Israel, 91904;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Israel, 91904","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799530024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160","https://openalex.org/I4210155092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052332525","display_name":"David Zuckerman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4749-3223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Zuckerman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Austin, TX 78712;","Dept. of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin","Austin, TX 78712"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Austin, TX 78712;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Austin, TX 78712","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039043184"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160","https://openalex.org/I2799530024","https://openalex.org/I4210155092"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.9649,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":103,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99645641,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"125","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11329","display_name":"Limits and Structures in Graph Theory","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2607","display_name":"Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11329","display_name":"Limits and Structures in Graph Theory","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2607","display_name":"Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.8528596758842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.6478517055511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.6082018613815308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-graph","display_name":"Random graph","score":0.5283440351486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.5120716691017151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extractor","display_name":"Extractor","score":0.49622756242752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.48804059624671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4736191928386688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.43201470375061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3916674554347992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.3859078884124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11778154969215393}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.8528596758842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.6478517055511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.6082018613815308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47458327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910404","display_name":"Random graph","level":3,"score":0.5283440351486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.5120716691017151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117978034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422192","display_name":"Extractor","level":2,"score":0.49622756242752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.48804059624671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4736191928386688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.43201470375061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3916674554347992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3859078884124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11778154969215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s004930050049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004930050049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72366220","display_name":"COMBINATORICA","issn_l":"0209-9683","issn":["0209-9683","1439-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Combinatorica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.29.2342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.29.2342","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/diz/expander.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.33.263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.33.263","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.utexas.edu/ftp/pub/techreports/tr95-21.ps.Z","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151503973","https://openalex.org/W202464134","https://openalex.org/W1973732321","https://openalex.org/W1993111701","https://openalex.org/W2010387743","https://openalex.org/W2016579872","https://openalex.org/W2018566183","https://openalex.org/W2047342855","https://openalex.org/W2048958388","https://openalex.org/W2060210427","https://openalex.org/W2060474153","https://openalex.org/W2064561122","https://openalex.org/W2080295594","https://openalex.org/W2089062581","https://openalex.org/W2108347494","https://openalex.org/W2118347628","https://openalex.org/W2126370441","https://openalex.org/W2137259389","https://openalex.org/W2155859297","https://openalex.org/W2159816964","https://openalex.org/W2162685042","https://openalex.org/W2912298798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3082848404","https://openalex.org/W1979583797","https://openalex.org/W2016864125","https://openalex.org/W2739612537","https://openalex.org/W2372254676","https://openalex.org/W2793679056","https://openalex.org/W2349174696","https://openalex.org/W2360241746","https://openalex.org/W4313041667","https://openalex.org/W2767599893"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
