{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996134803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004220100273","title":"Linear combinations of nonlinear models for predicting human-machine interface forces","display_name":"Linear combinations of nonlinear models for predicting human-machine interface forces","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996134803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004220100273","mag":"1996134803","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11918212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s004220100273","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004220100273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004770815","display_name":"James L. Patton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7541-3561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James L. Patton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University, IL 60611, USA. j-patton@nwu.edu","Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University, IL 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University, IL 60611, USA. j-patton@nwu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University, IL 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051945399","display_name":"Ferdinando A. Mussa-Ivaldi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferdinando A. Mussa-Ivaldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Physiology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Medical School, Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA, , , , , , US","Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Physiology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Medical School, Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Physiology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Medical School, Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA, , , , , , US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Physiology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Medical School, Institute for Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722","https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3209,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87319271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"1","first_page":"73","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.7317886352539062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6788286566734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5938190817832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.5714036822319031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5470224618911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.508454442024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-dynamics","display_name":"Inverse dynamics","score":0.45478004217147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-model","display_name":"Linear model","score":0.4500364661216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-autoregressive-exogenous-model","display_name":"Nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model","score":0.43028199672698975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.42747095227241516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.4270007014274597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4026283621788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3247022032737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.29087013006210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.2870701551437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2243397831916809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.18835574388504028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.14015114307403564}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.7317886352539062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6788286566734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5938190817832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.5714036822319031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5470224618911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.508454442024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187523126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17098330","display_name":"Inverse dynamics","level":3,"score":0.45478004217147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.4500364661216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42536954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049462","display_name":"Nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model","level":3,"score":0.43028199672698975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.42747095227241516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.4270007014274597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4026283621788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3247022032737732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.29087013006210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2870701551437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2243397831916809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.18835574388504028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.14015114307403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003491","descriptor_name":"Cybernetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003491","descriptor_name":"Cybernetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003491","descriptor_name":"Cybernetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s004220100273","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004220100273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11918212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11918212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological cybernetics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.87.8737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.87.8737","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.smpp.northwestern.edu/~smpp_pub/PattonMussa-Ivaldi2002BiolCybernPreprint.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1540685400","https://openalex.org/W1552815313","https://openalex.org/W1559393815","https://openalex.org/W1574524035","https://openalex.org/W1584643573","https://openalex.org/W1856925845","https://openalex.org/W1885639605","https://openalex.org/W1922715780","https://openalex.org/W1965098788","https://openalex.org/W1974357213","https://openalex.org/W1992598308","https://openalex.org/W2002847526","https://openalex.org/W2005136695","https://openalex.org/W2009493254","https://openalex.org/W2020516973","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2039696452","https://openalex.org/W2055475764","https://openalex.org/W2056760934","https://openalex.org/W2057179779","https://openalex.org/W2060874116","https://openalex.org/W2064335839","https://openalex.org/W2075442608","https://openalex.org/W2078409719","https://openalex.org/W2084402145","https://openalex.org/W2087070363","https://openalex.org/W2097861969","https://openalex.org/W2099171748","https://openalex.org/W2101637614","https://openalex.org/W2106936397","https://openalex.org/W2112707027","https://openalex.org/W2114766824","https://openalex.org/W2115730616","https://openalex.org/W2119424064","https://openalex.org/W2127515439","https://openalex.org/W2131057596","https://openalex.org/W2131205232","https://openalex.org/W2132714442","https://openalex.org/W2133852623","https://openalex.org/W2140366636","https://openalex.org/W2141962556","https://openalex.org/W2149407058","https://openalex.org/W2150705094","https://openalex.org/W2150884987","https://openalex.org/W2154808242","https://openalex.org/W2160961869","https://openalex.org/W2163897432","https://openalex.org/W2167804690","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2311741790","https://openalex.org/W2315929101","https://openalex.org/W2989128237"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606910468","https://openalex.org/W2734185189","https://openalex.org/W4382361623","https://openalex.org/W2981300935","https://openalex.org/W2799656149","https://openalex.org/W1545859685","https://openalex.org/W4304142418","https://openalex.org/W2964588166","https://openalex.org/W2921763740","https://openalex.org/W2739620896"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}